局灶节段性肾小球硬化

Hogg R, Middleton J, Vehaskari VM. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: epidemiology aspects in children and adults. Pediatr Nephrol. 2007;22:183-186.

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Haas M, Meehan SM, Karrison TG, et al. Changing etiologies of unexplained adult nephrotic syndrome: a comparison of renal biopsy findings from 1976-1979 and 1995-1997. Am J Kidney Dis. 1997;30:621-631.

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Reidy K, Kaskel FJ. Pathophysiology of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Pediatr Nephrol. 2007;22:350-354.

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Matalon A, Valeri A, Appel GB. Treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Semin Nephrol. 2000;20:309-317.

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Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). KDIGO clinical practice guideline for glomerulonephritis. June 2012. http://www.kdigo.org (last accessed 26 July 2017).

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Korbet SM, Schwartz MM, Lewis EJ. The prognosis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis of adulthood. Medicine (Baltimore). 1986;65:304-311.

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Korbet SM. Clinical picture and outcome of primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1999;14(suppl 3):68S-73S.

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Thomas DB, Franceschini N, Hogan SL, et al. Clinical and pathologic characteristics of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis pathologic variants. Kidney Int. 2006;69:920-926.

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Deegens JK, Assmann KJ, Steenbergen EJ, et al. Idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: a favourable prognosis in untreated patients? Neth J Med. 2005;63:393-398.

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1.  Kanjanabuch T, Lewsuwan S, Kitiyakara C, et al. Update in pathophysiology and histopathology of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. J Med Assoc Thai. 2006;89(suppl 2):S262-S279.

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2.  Kazi JI, Mubarak M, Ahmed E, et al. Spectrum of glomerulonephritides in adults with nephrotic syndrome in Pakistan. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2009;13:38-43.

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3.  Chandrika BK. Non-neoplastic renal diseases in Kerala, India: analysis of 1592 cases, a two year retrospective study. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2007;50:300-302.

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4.  Chen HM, Li SJ, Chen HP, et al. Obesity-related glomerulopathy in China: a case series of 90 patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008;52:58-65.

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5.  El-Reshaid W, El-Reshaid K, Kapoor MM, et al. Glomerulopathy in Kuwait: the spectrum over the past 7 years. Ren Fail. 2003;25:619-630.

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6.  Ozkaya N, Cakar N, Ekim M, et al. Primary nephrotic syndrome during childhood in Turkey. Pediatr Int. 2004;46:436-438.

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7.  Emem CP, Arogundade F, Sanusi A, et al. Renal disease in HIV-seropositive patients in Nigeria: an assessment of prevalence, clinical features and risk factors. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:741-746.

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8.  Deegens JK, Steenbergen EJ, Borm GF, et al. Pathological variants of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in an adult Dutch population: epidemiology and outcome. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:186-192.

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9.  Malafronte P, Mastroianni-Kirsztajn G, Betonico GN, et al. Paulista registry of glomerulonephritis: 5-year data report. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006;21:3098-3105.

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10.  Cattran DC, Reich HN, Beanlands HJ, et al. The impact of sex in primary glomerulonephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:2247-2253.

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11.  Kitiyakara C, Eggers P, Kopp JB. Twenty-one-year trend in ESRD due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis. 2004;44:815-825.

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12.  Hogg R, Middleton J, Vehaskari VM. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: epidemiology aspects in children and adults. Pediatr Nephrol. 2007;22:183-186.

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13.  Freedman BI, Hicks PJ, Bostrom MA, et al. Polymorphisms in the non-muscle myosin heavy chain 9 gene (MYH9) are strongly associated with end-stage renal disease historically attributed to hypertension in African Americans. Kidney Int. 2009;75:736-745.

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14.  Haas M, Meehan SM, Karrison TG, et al. Changing etiologies of unexplained adult nephrotic syndrome: a comparison of renal biopsy findings from 1976-1979 and 1995-1997. Am J Kidney Dis. 1997;30:621-631.

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15.  Savin VJ, Sharma R, Sharma M, et al. Circulating factor associated with increased glomerular permeability to albumin in recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:878-883.

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16.  Dantal J, Bigot E, Bogers W, et al. Effect of plasma protein adsorption on protein excretion in kidney-transplant recipients with recurrent nephrotic syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1994;330:7-14.

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17.  Deegens JK, Andresdottir MB, Croockewit S, et al. Plasma exchange improves graft survival in patients with recurrent focal glomerulosclerosis after renal transplant. Transpl Int. 2004;17:151-157.

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18.  Sharma R, Sharma M, McCarthy ET, et al. Components of normal serum block the focal segmental glomerulosclerosis factor activity in vitro. Kidney Int. 2000;58:1973-1979.

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19.  Wei C, El Hindi S, Li J, et al. Circulating urokinase receptor as a cause of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Nat Med. 2011;17:952-960.

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20.  Mele C, Iatropoulos P, Donadelli R; the PodoNet Consortium. MYO1E mutations and childhood familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. N Engl J Med 2011;365:295-306.

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21.  Reidy K, Kaskel FJ. Pathophysiology of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Pediatr Nephrol. 2007;22:350-354.

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22.  Ponticelli C, Villa M, Banfi G, et al. Can prolonged treatment improve the prognosis in adults with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis? Am J Kidney Dis. 1999;34:618-625.

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23.  Matalon A, Valeri A, Appel GB. Treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Semin Nephrol. 2000;20:309-317.

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24.  Korbet SM, Schwartz MM, Lewis EJ. Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: clinical course and response to therapy. Am J Kidney Dis. 1994;23:773-783.

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25.  Alexopoulos E, Stangou M, Papagianni A, et al. Factors influencing the course and the response to treatment in primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2000;15:1348-1356.

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26.  Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). KDIGO clinical practice guideline for glomerulonephritis. June 2012. http://www.kdigo.org (last accessed 26 July 2017).

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27.  Meyrier A. An update on the treatment options for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2009;10:615-628.

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28.  Cattran DC, Appel GB, Herbert LA, et al. A randomized trial of cyclosporine in patients with steroid-resistant focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Kidney Int. 1999;56:2220-2226.

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29.  Ponticelli C, Rizzoni G, Edefonti A, et al. A randomized trial of cyclosporine in steroid-resistant idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Kidney Int. 1993;43:1377-1384.

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30.  Meyrier A, Noel LH, Auriche P, et al. Long-term renal tolerance of cyclosporin A treatment in adult idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Collaborative Group of the Societe de Nephrologie. Kidney Int. 1994;45:1446-1456.

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31.  Niaudet P. Treatment of childhood steroid-resistant idiopathic nephrosis with a combination of cyclosporine and prednisone. J Pediatr. 1994;125:981-986.

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32.  Braun N, Schmutzler F, Lange C, et al. Immunosuppressive treatment for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(3):CD003233.

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33.  Cattran DC, Wang MM, Appel G, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil in the treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Clin Nephrol. 2004;62:405-411.

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34.  Praga M, Hernandez E, Andres G, et al. Effects of body-weight loss and captopril treatment on proteinuria associated with obesity. Nephron. 1995;70:35-41.

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35.  Szczech LA, Edwards LJ, Sanders LL, et al. Protease inhibitors are associated with a slowed progression of HIV-related renal diseases. Clin Nephrol. 2002;57:336-341.

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36.  Atta MG, Gallant JE, Rahman MH, et al. Antiretroviral therapy in the treatment of HIV-associated nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006;21:2809-2813.

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37.  Segarra A, Vila J, Pou L, et al. Combined therapy of tacrolimus and corticosteroids in cyclosporin-resistant or -dependent idiopathic focal glomerulosclerosis: a preliminary uncontrolled study with prospective follow-up. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17:655-662.

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38.  Feld SM, Figueroa P, Savin V, et al. Plasmapheresis in the treatment of steroid resistant focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in native kidneys. Am J Kidney Dis. 1998;32:230-237.

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39.  Artero M, Biava C, Amend W, et al. Recurrent focal glomerulosclerosis: natural history and response to therapy. Am J Med. 1992;92:375-383.

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40.  Peters HP, van de Kar NC, Wetzels JF. Rituximab in minimal change nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: report of four cases and review of the literature. Neth J Med. 2008;66:408-415.

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41.  Cho ME, Smith DC, Branton MH, et al. Pirfenidone slows renal function decline in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;2:906-913.

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42.  Korbet SM, Schwartz MM, Lewis EJ. The prognosis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis of adulthood. Medicine (Baltimore). 1986;65:304-311.

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43.  Rydell JJ, Korbet SM, Borok RZ, et al. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults: presentation, course, and response to treatment. Am J Kidney Dis. 1995;25:534-542.

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44.  Korbet SM. Clinical picture and outcome of primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1999;14(suppl 3):68S-73S.

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45.  Thomas DB, Franceschini N, Hogan SL, et al. Clinical and pathologic characteristics of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis pathologic variants. Kidney Int. 2006;69:920-926.

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46.  Deegens JK, Assmann KJ, Steenbergen EJ, et al. Idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: a favourable prognosis in untreated patients? Neth J Med. 2005;63:393-398.

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47.  Troyanov S, Wall CA, Miller JA, et al. Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis: definition and relevance of a partial remission. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:1061-1068.

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48.  Hickson LJ, Gera M, Amer H, et al. Kidney transplantation for primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: outcomes and response to therapy for recurrence. Transplantation. 2009;87:1232-1239.

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49.  Choy BY, Chan TM, Lai KN. Recurrent glomerulonephritis after kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2006;6:2535-2542.

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