FSGS患者的预后极其不同。重要的预后因素为蛋白尿、血浆肌酐水平、形态学分类和对治疗的反应。
一半的蛋白尿>3g/24小时患者在5到10年内发展为终末期肾功能衰竭。如果蛋白尿>10g/24小时,大多数患者在5年内达到终末期肾功能衰竭。相比之下,非肾病范围蛋白尿的患者 10 年后肾存活率超过 80%。[42]Korbet SM, Schwartz MM, Lewis EJ. The prognosis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis of adulthood. Medicine (Baltimore). 1986;65:304-311.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3747827?tool=bestpractice.com[43]Rydell JJ, Korbet SM, Borok RZ, et al. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults: presentation, course, and response to treatment. Am J Kidney Dis. 1995;25:534-542.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7702047?tool=bestpractice.com[44]Korbet SM. Clinical picture and outcome of primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1999;14(suppl 3):68S-73S.http://ndt.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/14/suppl_3/68http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10382985?tool=bestpractice.com
一半的血清肌酐>99.13 μmol/L (1.3 mg/dL) 患者在 5 到 10 年内进展为终末期肾病。[42]Korbet SM, Schwartz MM, Lewis EJ. The prognosis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis of adulthood. Medicine (Baltimore). 1986;65:304-311.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3747827?tool=bestpractice.com[43]Rydell JJ, Korbet SM, Borok RZ, et al. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults: presentation, course, and response to treatment. Am J Kidney Dis. 1995;25:534-542.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7702047?tool=bestpractice.com[44]Korbet SM. Clinical picture and outcome of primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1999;14(suppl 3):68S-73S.http://ndt.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/14/suppl_3/68http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10382985?tool=bestpractice.com
肾活检的形态学分类也提供了有用的预后信息。塌陷型主要见于艾滋病介导的FSGS,比其他类型的预后更差。顶端型比其他类型预后更好。[45]Thomas DB, Franceschini N, Hogan SL, et al. Clinical and pathologic characteristics of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis pathologic variants. Kidney Int. 2006;69:920-926.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16518352?tool=bestpractice.com[46]Deegens JK, Assmann KJ, Steenbergen EJ, et al. Idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: a favourable prognosis in untreated patients? Neth J Med. 2005;63:393-398.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16301760?tool=bestpractice.com
除了形态学分类,最初的活检组织中纤维化程度重,包括发现间质纤维化和肾小球硬化者预后更差。
出现蛋白尿完全或部分缓解预示临床结果良好;<15% 达到缓解的患者仍会发展到终末期肾功能衰竭。[24]Korbet SM, Schwartz MM, Lewis EJ. Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: clinical course and response to therapy. Am J Kidney Dis. 1994;23:773-783.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8203357?tool=bestpractice.com[42]Korbet SM, Schwartz MM, Lewis EJ. The prognosis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis of adulthood. Medicine (Baltimore). 1986;65:304-311.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3747827?tool=bestpractice.com[43]Rydell JJ, Korbet SM, Borok RZ, et al. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults: presentation, course, and response to treatment. Am J Kidney Dis. 1995;25:534-542.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7702047?tool=bestpractice.com[44]Korbet SM. Clinical picture and outcome of primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1999;14(suppl 3):68S-73S.http://ndt.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/14/suppl_3/68http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10382985?tool=bestpractice.com[47]Troyanov S, Wall CA, Miller JA, et al. Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis: definition and relevance of a partial remission. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:1061-1068.http://jasn.asnjournals.org/cgi/content/full/16/4/1061http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15716334?tool=bestpractice.com