癫痫发作的控制:有高质量的证据表明,在新诊断的癫痫症患者中,左乙拉西坦具有与控释型卡马西平相同的疗效。 [70]Brodie MJ, Perucca E, Ryvlin P, et al. Comparison of levetiracetam and controlled-release carbamazepine in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Neurology. 2007 Feb 6;68(6):402-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17283312?tool=bestpractice.com
证据 A 发作控制:有优等质量的证据表明,在年老的局灶性起源的癫痫患者中,拉莫三嗪的疗效及耐受性由于卡马西平。[87]Nieto-Barrera M, Brozmanova M, Capovilla G, et al. A comparison of monotherapy with lamotrigine or carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed partial epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2001 Aug;46(2):145-55.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11463516?tool=bestpractice.com[95]Brodie MJ, Overstall PW, Giorgi L, et al. Multicentre, double-blind, randomized comparison between lamotrigine and carbamazepine in elderly patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1999 Oct;37(1):81-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10515178?tool=bestpractice.com[96]Rowan AJ, Ramsay RE, Collins JF, et al. New onset geriatric epilepsy: a randomized study of gabapentin, lamotrigine, and carbamazepine. Neurology. 2005 Jun 14;64(11):1868-73.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15955935?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。发作控制:有优等质量的证据表明,在年老的局灶性起源的癫痫患者中,拉莫三嗪的疗效及耐受性由于卡马西平。[87]Nieto-Barrera M, Brozmanova M, Capovilla G, et al. A comparison of monotherapy with lamotrigine or carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed partial epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2001 Aug;46(2):145-55.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11463516?tool=bestpractice.com[95]Brodie MJ, Overstall PW, Giorgi L, et al. Multicentre, double-blind, randomized comparison between lamotrigine and carbamazepine in elderly patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1999 Oct;37(1):81-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10515178?tool=bestpractice.com[96]Rowan AJ, Ramsay RE, Collins JF, et al. New onset geriatric epilepsy: a randomized study of gabapentin, lamotrigine, and carbamazepine. Neurology. 2005 Jun 14;64(11):1868-73.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15955935?tool=bestpractice.com
证据 A 癫痫发作的控制:有优等质量的证据表明,在年老的局灶性起源癫痫症患者中,加巴喷丁的疗效及耐受性优于卡马西平。[96]Rowan AJ, Ramsay RE, Collins JF, et al. New onset geriatric epilepsy: a randomized study of gabapentin, lamotrigine, and carbamazepine. Neurology. 2005 Jun 14;64(11):1868-73.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15955935?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。癫痫发作的控制:有优等质量的证据表明,在年老的局灶性起源癫痫症患者中,加巴喷丁的疗效及耐受性优于卡马西平。[96]Rowan AJ, Ramsay RE, Collins JF, et al. New onset geriatric epilepsy: a randomized study of gabapentin, lamotrigine, and carbamazepine. Neurology. 2005 Jun 14;64(11):1868-73.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15955935?tool=bestpractice.com
证据 B 癫痫发作的控制:有中等质量的证据表明,拉莫三嗪单一疗法在新诊断的混合类癫痫症患者中具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效,并且拉莫三嗪的耐受性更佳。[59]Reunanen M, Dam M, Yuen AW. A randomized open multicentre comparative trial of lamotrigine and carbamazepine as monotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1996 Mar;23(2):149-55.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8964276?tool=bestpractice.com[60]Brodie MJ, Chadwick DW, Anhut H, et al. Gabapentin versus lamotrigine monotherapy: a double-blind comparison in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2002 Sep;43(9):993-1000.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12199724?tool=bestpractice.com[61]Steiner TJ, Dellaportas CI, Findley LJ, et al. Lamotrigine monotherapy in newly diagnosed untreated epilepsy: a double-blind comparison with phenytoin. Epilepsia. 1999 May;40(5):601-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10386529?tool=bestpractice.com[62]Brodie MJ, Richens A, Yuen AW; UK Lamotrigine/Carbamazepine Monotherapy Trial Group. Double-blind comparison of lamotrigine and carbamazepine in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Lancet. 1995 Feb 25;345(8948):476-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7710545?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。癫痫发作的控制:有中等质量的证据表明,拉莫三嗪单一疗法在新诊断的混合类癫痫症患者中具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效,并且拉莫三嗪的耐受性更佳。[59]Reunanen M, Dam M, Yuen AW. A randomized open multicentre comparative trial of lamotrigine and carbamazepine as monotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1996 Mar;23(2):149-55.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8964276?tool=bestpractice.com[60]Brodie MJ, Chadwick DW, Anhut H, et al. Gabapentin versus lamotrigine monotherapy: a double-blind comparison in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2002 Sep;43(9):993-1000.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12199724?tool=bestpractice.com[61]Steiner TJ, Dellaportas CI, Findley LJ, et al. Lamotrigine monotherapy in newly diagnosed untreated epilepsy: a double-blind comparison with phenytoin. Epilepsia. 1999 May;40(5):601-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10386529?tool=bestpractice.com[62]Brodie MJ, Richens A, Yuen AW; UK Lamotrigine/Carbamazepine Monotherapy Trial Group. Double-blind comparison of lamotrigine and carbamazepine in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Lancet. 1995 Feb 25;345(8948):476-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7710545?tool=bestpractice.com
证据 B 发作控制:有中等质量的证据表明,托吡酯单一疗法在新诊断的混合类癫痫症患者中具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效,并且托吡酯的耐受性更佳。[64]Arroyo S, Dodson WE, Privitera MD, et al. Randomized dose-controlled study of topiramate as first-line therapy in epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2005 Oct;112(4):214-22.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16146489?tool=bestpractice.com[65]Privitera MD, Brodie MJ, Mattson RH, et al. Topiramate, carbamazepine, and valproate monotherapy: double-blind comparison in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2003 Mar;107(3):165-75.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12614309?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。发作控制:有中等质量的证据表明,托吡酯单一疗法在新诊断的混合类癫痫症患者中具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效,并且托吡酯的耐受性更佳。[64]Arroyo S, Dodson WE, Privitera MD, et al. Randomized dose-controlled study of topiramate as first-line therapy in epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2005 Oct;112(4):214-22.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16146489?tool=bestpractice.com[65]Privitera MD, Brodie MJ, Mattson RH, et al. Topiramate, carbamazepine, and valproate monotherapy: double-blind comparison in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2003 Mar;107(3):165-75.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12614309?tool=bestpractice.com
证据 B 癫痫发作的控制:有中等质量的证据表明,奥卡西平单一疗法在新诊断的混合类癫痫症患者中具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效,并且奥卡西平的耐受性更佳。[67]Dam M, Ekberg R, Loyning Y, et al. A double-blind study comparing oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1989 Jan-Feb;3(1):70-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2645120?tool=bestpractice.com[68]Christe W, Kramer G, Vigonius U, et al. A double-blind controlled clinical trial: oxcarbazepine versus sodium valproate in adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1997 Mar;26(3):451-60.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9127726?tool=bestpractice.com[69]Bill PA, Vigonius U, Pohlmann H, et al. A double-blind controlled clinical trial of oxcarbazepine versus phenytoin in adults with previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1997 Jun;27(3):195-204.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9237054?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。癫痫发作的控制:有中等质量的证据表明,奥卡西平单一疗法在新诊断的混合类癫痫症患者中具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效,并且奥卡西平的耐受性更佳。[67]Dam M, Ekberg R, Loyning Y, et al. A double-blind study comparing oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1989 Jan-Feb;3(1):70-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2645120?tool=bestpractice.com[68]Christe W, Kramer G, Vigonius U, et al. A double-blind controlled clinical trial: oxcarbazepine versus sodium valproate in adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1997 Mar;26(3):451-60.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9127726?tool=bestpractice.com[69]Bill PA, Vigonius U, Pohlmann H, et al. A double-blind controlled clinical trial of oxcarbazepine versus phenytoin in adults with previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1997 Jun;27(3):195-204.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9237054?tool=bestpractice.com
证据 B 癫痫发作的控制:有中等质量的证据表明,苯妥英具有与较新的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效。[61]Steiner TJ, Dellaportas CI, Findley LJ, et al. Lamotrigine monotherapy in newly diagnosed untreated epilepsy: a double-blind comparison with phenytoin. Epilepsia. 1999 May;40(5):601-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10386529?tool=bestpractice.com[69]Bill PA, Vigonius U, Pohlmann H, et al. A double-blind controlled clinical trial of oxcarbazepine versus phenytoin in adults with previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1997 Jun;27(3):195-204.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9237054?tool=bestpractice.com 并有低质量的证据表明,苯妥英在新诊断并接受治疗的混合类或分类不明的癫痫症患者中具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效。[71]Callaghan N, Kenny RA, O'Neill B, et al. A prospective study between carbamazepine, phenytoin, and sodium valproate as monotherapy in previously untreated and recently diagnosed patients with epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1985 Jul;48(7):639-44.http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/48/7/639.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3928820?tool=bestpractice.com[74]Heller AJ, Chesterman P, Elwes RD, et al. Phenobarbitone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, or sodium valproate for newly diagnosed adult epilepsy: a randomized comparative monotherapy trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1995 Jan;58(1):44-50.http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/58/1/44.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7823066?tool=bestpractice.com[76]Shakir RA, Johnson RH, Lambie DG, et al. Comparison of sodium valproate and phenytoin as single drug treatment in epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1981 Feb;22(1):27-33.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6781888?tool=bestpractice.com[77]Turnbull DM, Rawlins MD, Weightman D, et al. A comparison of phenytoin and valproate in previously untreated adult epileptic patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1982 Jan;45(1):55-9.http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/45/1/55.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6801213?tool=bestpractice.com[78]Wilder BJ, Ramsay RE, Murphy JV, et al. Comparison of valproic acid and phenytoin in newly diagnosed tonic-clonic seizures. Neurology. 1983 Nov;33(11):1474-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6415511?tool=bestpractice.com[79]Turnbull DM, Howel D, Rawlins MD, et al. Which drug for the adult epileptic patient: phenytoin or valproate? Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985 Mar 16;290(6471):815-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1418605/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3919805?tool=bestpractice.com[80]Rastogi P, Mehrotra TN, Agarwala RK, et al. Comparison of sodium valproate and phenytoin as single drug treatment in generalized and partial epilepsy. J Assoc Physicians India. 1991 Aug;39(8):606-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1814875?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。癫痫发作的控制:有中等质量的证据表明,苯妥英具有与较新的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效。[61]Steiner TJ, Dellaportas CI, Findley LJ, et al. Lamotrigine monotherapy in newly diagnosed untreated epilepsy: a double-blind comparison with phenytoin. Epilepsia. 1999 May;40(5):601-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10386529?tool=bestpractice.com[69]Bill PA, Vigonius U, Pohlmann H, et al. A double-blind controlled clinical trial of oxcarbazepine versus phenytoin in adults with previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1997 Jun;27(3):195-204.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9237054?tool=bestpractice.com 并有低质量的证据表明,苯妥英在新诊断并接受治疗的混合类或分类不明的癫痫症患者中具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效。[71]Callaghan N, Kenny RA, O'Neill B, et al. A prospective study between carbamazepine, phenytoin, and sodium valproate as monotherapy in previously untreated and recently diagnosed patients with epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1985 Jul;48(7):639-44.http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/48/7/639.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3928820?tool=bestpractice.com[74]Heller AJ, Chesterman P, Elwes RD, et al. Phenobarbitone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, or sodium valproate for newly diagnosed adult epilepsy: a randomized comparative monotherapy trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1995 Jan;58(1):44-50.http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/58/1/44.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7823066?tool=bestpractice.com[76]Shakir RA, Johnson RH, Lambie DG, et al. Comparison of sodium valproate and phenytoin as single drug treatment in epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1981 Feb;22(1):27-33.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6781888?tool=bestpractice.com[77]Turnbull DM, Rawlins MD, Weightman D, et al. A comparison of phenytoin and valproate in previously untreated adult epileptic patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1982 Jan;45(1):55-9.http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/45/1/55.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6801213?tool=bestpractice.com[78]Wilder BJ, Ramsay RE, Murphy JV, et al. Comparison of valproic acid and phenytoin in newly diagnosed tonic-clonic seizures. Neurology. 1983 Nov;33(11):1474-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6415511?tool=bestpractice.com[79]Turnbull DM, Howel D, Rawlins MD, et al. Which drug for the adult epileptic patient: phenytoin or valproate? Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985 Mar 16;290(6471):815-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1418605/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3919805?tool=bestpractice.com[80]Rastogi P, Mehrotra TN, Agarwala RK, et al. Comparison of sodium valproate and phenytoin as single drug treatment in generalized and partial epilepsy. J Assoc Physicians India. 1991 Aug;39(8):606-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1814875?tool=bestpractice.com
证据 B 发作控制:有中等质量的证据表明,在局灶性起源癫痫症患者中,加巴喷丁具有与卡马西平相同的疗效。[81]Chadwick DW, Anhut H, Greiner MJ, et al. A double-blind trial of gabapentin monotherapy for newly diagnosed partial seizures. Neurology. 1998 Nov;51(5):1282-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9818846?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。发作控制:有中等质量的证据表明,在局灶性起源癫痫症患者中,加巴喷丁具有与卡马西平相同的疗效。[81]Chadwick DW, Anhut H, Greiner MJ, et al. A double-blind trial of gabapentin monotherapy for newly diagnosed partial seizures. Neurology. 1998 Nov;51(5):1282-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9818846?tool=bestpractice.com
证据 B 发作控制:有中等质量的证据表明,在局灶性起源癫痫症患者中,拉莫三嗪具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效,并比较早的药物具有更佳的耐受性。[86]Marson AG, Al-Kharusi AM, Alwaidh M, et al. The SANAD study of effectiveness of carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, or topiramate for treatment of partial epilepsy: an unblinded randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2007 Mar 24;369(9566):1000-15.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2080688/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17382827?tool=bestpractice.com[60]Brodie MJ, Chadwick DW, Anhut H, et al. Gabapentin versus lamotrigine monotherapy: a double-blind comparison in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2002 Sep;43(9):993-1000.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12199724?tool=bestpractice.com[61]Steiner TJ, Dellaportas CI, Findley LJ, et al. Lamotrigine monotherapy in newly diagnosed untreated epilepsy: a double-blind comparison with phenytoin. Epilepsia. 1999 May;40(5):601-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10386529?tool=bestpractice.com[62]Brodie MJ, Richens A, Yuen AW; UK Lamotrigine/Carbamazepine Monotherapy Trial Group. Double-blind comparison of lamotrigine and carbamazepine in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Lancet. 1995 Feb 25;345(8948):476-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7710545?tool=bestpractice.com[87]Nieto-Barrera M, Brozmanova M, Capovilla G, et al. A comparison of monotherapy with lamotrigine or carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed partial epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2001 Aug;46(2):145-55.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11463516?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。发作控制:有中等质量的证据表明,在局灶性起源癫痫症患者中,拉莫三嗪具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效,并比较早的药物具有更佳的耐受性。[86]Marson AG, Al-Kharusi AM, Alwaidh M, et al. The SANAD study of effectiveness of carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, or topiramate for treatment of partial epilepsy: an unblinded randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2007 Mar 24;369(9566):1000-15.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2080688/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17382827?tool=bestpractice.com[60]Brodie MJ, Chadwick DW, Anhut H, et al. Gabapentin versus lamotrigine monotherapy: a double-blind comparison in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2002 Sep;43(9):993-1000.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12199724?tool=bestpractice.com[61]Steiner TJ, Dellaportas CI, Findley LJ, et al. Lamotrigine monotherapy in newly diagnosed untreated epilepsy: a double-blind comparison with phenytoin. Epilepsia. 1999 May;40(5):601-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10386529?tool=bestpractice.com[62]Brodie MJ, Richens A, Yuen AW; UK Lamotrigine/Carbamazepine Monotherapy Trial Group. Double-blind comparison of lamotrigine and carbamazepine in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Lancet. 1995 Feb 25;345(8948):476-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7710545?tool=bestpractice.com[87]Nieto-Barrera M, Brozmanova M, Capovilla G, et al. A comparison of monotherapy with lamotrigine or carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed partial epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2001 Aug;46(2):145-55.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11463516?tool=bestpractice.com
证据 B 发作控制:有中等质量的证据表明,在新诊断的癫痫症患者中,拉莫三嗪具有与卡马西平或丙戊酸钠相同的疗效。[65]Privitera MD, Brodie MJ, Mattson RH, et al. Topiramate, carbamazepine, and valproate monotherapy: double-blind comparison in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2003 Mar;107(3):165-75.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12614309?tool=bestpractice.com 并且托吡酯是一种有效的单药治疗药物。[64]Arroyo S, Dodson WE, Privitera MD, et al. Randomized dose-controlled study of topiramate as first-line therapy in epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2005 Oct;112(4):214-22.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16146489?tool=bestpractice.com[88]Gilliam FG, Veloso F, Bomhof MA, et al. A dose-comparison trial of topiramate as monotherapy in recently diagnosed partial epilepsy. Neurology. 2003 Jan 28;60(2):196-202.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12552030?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。发作控制:有中等质量的证据表明,在新诊断的癫痫症患者中,拉莫三嗪具有与卡马西平或丙戊酸钠相同的疗效。[65]Privitera MD, Brodie MJ, Mattson RH, et al. Topiramate, carbamazepine, and valproate monotherapy: double-blind comparison in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2003 Mar;107(3):165-75.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12614309?tool=bestpractice.com 并且托吡酯是一种有效的单药治疗药物。[64]Arroyo S, Dodson WE, Privitera MD, et al. Randomized dose-controlled study of topiramate as first-line therapy in epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2005 Oct;112(4):214-22.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16146489?tool=bestpractice.com[88]Gilliam FG, Veloso F, Bomhof MA, et al. A dose-comparison trial of topiramate as monotherapy in recently diagnosed partial epilepsy. Neurology. 2003 Jan 28;60(2):196-202.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12552030?tool=bestpractice.com
证据 B 发作控制:有中等质量的证据表明,在新诊断的混合类型癫痫症患者中,奥卡西平具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效。[67]Dam M, Ekberg R, Loyning Y, et al. A double-blind study comparing oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1989 Jan-Feb;3(1):70-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2645120?tool=bestpractice.com[68]Christe W, Kramer G, Vigonius U, et al. A double-blind controlled clinical trial: oxcarbazepine versus sodium valproate in adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1997 Mar;26(3):451-60.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9127726?tool=bestpractice.com[69]Bill PA, Vigonius U, Pohlmann H, et al. A double-blind controlled clinical trial of oxcarbazepine versus phenytoin in adults with previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1997 Jun;27(3):195-204.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9237054?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。发作控制:有中等质量的证据表明,在新诊断的混合类型癫痫症患者中,奥卡西平具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效。[67]Dam M, Ekberg R, Loyning Y, et al. A double-blind study comparing oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1989 Jan-Feb;3(1):70-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2645120?tool=bestpractice.com[68]Christe W, Kramer G, Vigonius U, et al. A double-blind controlled clinical trial: oxcarbazepine versus sodium valproate in adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1997 Mar;26(3):451-60.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9127726?tool=bestpractice.com[69]Bill PA, Vigonius U, Pohlmann H, et al. A double-blind controlled clinical trial of oxcarbazepine versus phenytoin in adults with previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1997 Jun;27(3):195-204.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9237054?tool=bestpractice.com
证据 B 癫痫发作的控制:有优等质量的证据表明,在年老的局灶性起源的癫痫症患者中,卡马西平具有与其他抗癫痫药物相同的疗效,但在这一群体中耐受性较差。[87]Nieto-Barrera M, Brozmanova M, Capovilla G, et al. A comparison of monotherapy with lamotrigine or carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed partial epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2001 Aug;46(2):145-55.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11463516?tool=bestpractice.com[95]Brodie MJ, Overstall PW, Giorgi L, et al. Multicentre, double-blind, randomized comparison between lamotrigine and carbamazepine in elderly patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1999 Oct;37(1):81-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10515178?tool=bestpractice.com[96]Rowan AJ, Ramsay RE, Collins JF, et al. New onset geriatric epilepsy: a randomized study of gabapentin, lamotrigine, and carbamazepine. Neurology. 2005 Jun 14;64(11):1868-73.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15955935?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。癫痫发作的控制:有优等质量的证据表明,在年老的局灶性起源的癫痫症患者中,卡马西平具有与其他抗癫痫药物相同的疗效,但在这一群体中耐受性较差。[87]Nieto-Barrera M, Brozmanova M, Capovilla G, et al. A comparison of monotherapy with lamotrigine or carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed partial epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2001 Aug;46(2):145-55.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11463516?tool=bestpractice.com[95]Brodie MJ, Overstall PW, Giorgi L, et al. Multicentre, double-blind, randomized comparison between lamotrigine and carbamazepine in elderly patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1999 Oct;37(1):81-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10515178?tool=bestpractice.com[96]Rowan AJ, Ramsay RE, Collins JF, et al. New onset geriatric epilepsy: a randomized study of gabapentin, lamotrigine, and carbamazepine. Neurology. 2005 Jun 14;64(11):1868-73.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15955935?tool=bestpractice.com
证据 B 癫痫发作的控制:有中等质量的证据表明,在特定的全面性癫痫综合征患者的治疗中,丙戊酸钠有效。[101]Bourgeois B, Beaumanoir A, Blajev B, et al. Monotherapy with valproate in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1987;28 Suppl 2:S8-11.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3121293?tool=bestpractice.com[102]Penry JK, Dean JC, Riela AR, et al. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: long-term response to therapy. Epilepsia. 1989;30 Suppl 4:S19-23.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2506007?tool=bestpractice.com[103]Atakli D, Sozuer D, Atay T, et al. Misdiagnosis and treatment in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Seizure. 1998 Feb;7(1):63-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9548228?tool=bestpractice.com[104]Sundqvist A, Tomson T, Lundkvist B. Valproate as monotherapy for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: dose-effect study. Ther Drug Monitor. 1998 Apr;20(2):149-57.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9558128?tool=bestpractice.com[105]Marson AG, Al-Kharusi AM, Alwaidh M, et al. The SANAD study of effectiveness of valproate, lamotrigine, or topiramate for generalised and unclassifiable epilepsy: an unblinded randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2007 Mar 24;369(9566):1016-26.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2039891/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17382828?tool=bestpractice.com 尽管没有盲法的 RCT 证实丙戊酸钠在原发性 GTCS 治疗方面具有优越性,但该药被认为是许多类型的全面性癫痫发作的标准治疗。[106]Bergey GK. Evidence-based treatment of idiopathic generalized epilepsies with new antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia. 2005;46 Suppl 9:161-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16302891?tool=bestpractice.com[105]Marson AG, Al-Kharusi AM, Alwaidh M, et al. The SANAD study of effectiveness of valproate, lamotrigine, or topiramate for generalised and unclassifiable epilepsy: an unblinded randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2007 Mar 24;369(9566):1016-26.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2039891/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17382828?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。癫痫发作的控制:有中等质量的证据表明,在特定的全面性癫痫综合征患者的治疗中,丙戊酸钠有效。[101]Bourgeois B, Beaumanoir A, Blajev B, et al. Monotherapy with valproate in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1987;28 Suppl 2:S8-11.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3121293?tool=bestpractice.com[102]Penry JK, Dean JC, Riela AR, et al. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: long-term response to therapy. Epilepsia. 1989;30 Suppl 4:S19-23.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2506007?tool=bestpractice.com[103]Atakli D, Sozuer D, Atay T, et al. Misdiagnosis and treatment in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Seizure. 1998 Feb;7(1):63-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9548228?tool=bestpractice.com[104]Sundqvist A, Tomson T, Lundkvist B. Valproate as monotherapy for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: dose-effect study. Ther Drug Monitor. 1998 Apr;20(2):149-57.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9558128?tool=bestpractice.com[105]Marson AG, Al-Kharusi AM, Alwaidh M, et al. The SANAD study of effectiveness of valproate, lamotrigine, or topiramate for generalised and unclassifiable epilepsy: an unblinded randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2007 Mar 24;369(9566):1016-26.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2039891/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17382828?tool=bestpractice.com 尽管没有盲法的 RCT 证实丙戊酸钠在原发性 GTCS 治疗方面具有优越性,但该药被认为是许多类型的全面性癫痫发作的标准治疗。[106]Bergey GK. Evidence-based treatment of idiopathic generalized epilepsies with new antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia. 2005;46 Suppl 9:161-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16302891?tool=bestpractice.com[105]Marson AG, Al-Kharusi AM, Alwaidh M, et al. The SANAD study of effectiveness of valproate, lamotrigine, or topiramate for generalised and unclassifiable epilepsy: an unblinded randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2007 Mar 24;369(9566):1016-26.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2039891/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17382828?tool=bestpractice.com
证据 C 癫痫发作的控制:有低等质量的证据表明,卡马西平在新诊断的混合类或类别不明的癫痫症患者中具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效。[71]Callaghan N, Kenny RA, O'Neill B, et al. A prospective study between carbamazepine, phenytoin, and sodium valproate as monotherapy in previously untreated and recently diagnosed patients with epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1985 Jul;48(7):639-44.http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/48/7/639.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3928820?tool=bestpractice.com[72]Placencia M, Sander JW, Shorvon SD, et al. Antiepileptic drug treatment in a community health care setting in Northern Ecuador: a prospective 12-month assessment. Epilepsy Res. 1993 Mar;14(3):237-44.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8504794?tool=bestpractice.com[73]Richens A, Davidson DL, Cartlidge NE, et al; Adult EPITEG Collaborative Group. A multicentre comparative trial of sodium valproate and carbamazepine in adult onset epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1994 Jun;57(6):682-7.http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/57/6/682.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8006647?tool=bestpractice.com[74]Heller AJ, Chesterman P, Elwes RD, et al. Phenobarbitone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, or sodium valproate for newly diagnosed adult epilepsy: a randomized comparative monotherapy trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1995 Jan;58(1):44-50.http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/58/1/44.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7823066?tool=bestpractice.com 有中等质量的证据表明,卡马西平与较新的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效,但卡马西平治疗时副作用的发生率更高。[62]Brodie MJ, Richens A, Yuen AW; UK Lamotrigine/Carbamazepine Monotherapy Trial Group. Double-blind comparison of lamotrigine and carbamazepine in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Lancet. 1995 Feb 25;345(8948):476-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7710545?tool=bestpractice.com[65]Privitera MD, Brodie MJ, Mattson RH, et al. Topiramate, carbamazepine, and valproate monotherapy: double-blind comparison in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2003 Mar;107(3):165-75.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12614309?tool=bestpractice.com[67]Dam M, Ekberg R, Loyning Y, et al. A double-blind study comparing oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1989 Jan-Feb;3(1):70-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2645120?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者>200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)。癫痫发作的控制:有低等质量的证据表明,卡马西平在新诊断的混合类或类别不明的癫痫症患者中具有与较早的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效。[71]Callaghan N, Kenny RA, O'Neill B, et al. A prospective study between carbamazepine, phenytoin, and sodium valproate as monotherapy in previously untreated and recently diagnosed patients with epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1985 Jul;48(7):639-44.http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/48/7/639.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3928820?tool=bestpractice.com[72]Placencia M, Sander JW, Shorvon SD, et al. Antiepileptic drug treatment in a community health care setting in Northern Ecuador: a prospective 12-month assessment. Epilepsy Res. 1993 Mar;14(3):237-44.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8504794?tool=bestpractice.com[73]Richens A, Davidson DL, Cartlidge NE, et al; Adult EPITEG Collaborative Group. A multicentre comparative trial of sodium valproate and carbamazepine in adult onset epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1994 Jun;57(6):682-7.http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/57/6/682.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8006647?tool=bestpractice.com[74]Heller AJ, Chesterman P, Elwes RD, et al. Phenobarbitone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, or sodium valproate for newly diagnosed adult epilepsy: a randomized comparative monotherapy trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1995 Jan;58(1):44-50.http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/58/1/44.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7823066?tool=bestpractice.com 有中等质量的证据表明,卡马西平与较新的抗癫痫药物相同的疗效,但卡马西平治疗时副作用的发生率更高。[62]Brodie MJ, Richens A, Yuen AW; UK Lamotrigine/Carbamazepine Monotherapy Trial Group. Double-blind comparison of lamotrigine and carbamazepine in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Lancet. 1995 Feb 25;345(8948):476-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7710545?tool=bestpractice.com[65]Privitera MD, Brodie MJ, Mattson RH, et al. Topiramate, carbamazepine, and valproate monotherapy: double-blind comparison in newly diagnosed epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand. 2003 Mar;107(3):165-75.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12614309?tool=bestpractice.com[67]Dam M, Ekberg R, Loyning Y, et al. A double-blind study comparing oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1989 Jan-Feb;3(1):70-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2645120?tool=bestpractice.com
使用此内容应接受我们的免责声明。
BMJ临床实践的持续改进离不开您的帮助和反馈。如果您发现任何功能问题和内容错误,或您对BMJ临床实践有任何疑问或建议,请您扫描右侧二维码并根据页面指导填写您的反馈和联系信息*。一旦您的建议在我们核实后被采纳,您将会收到一份小礼品。
如果您有紧急问题需要我们帮助,请您联系我们。
邮箱:bmjchina.support@bmj.com
电话:+86 10 64100686-612
*您的联系信息仅会用于我们与您确认反馈信息和礼品事宜。
BMJ临床实践官方反馈平台