BMJ Best Practice
最后审核时间: 一月 2019
最近更新时间: 九月 2018

小结

定义

病史和查体

关键诊断因素

  • 存在危险因素
  • 高血压
  • 视网膜病变的体征
  • 水肿

其他诊断因素

  • 视力下降
  • 下肢麻木
  • 下肢疼痛
  • 全身症状(疾病进展期)

危险因素

  • 持续高血糖
  • 高血压
  • 高血压和/或肾脏疾病的家族史
  • 肥胖

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 尿常规
  • 尿蛋白/肌酐比值 (ACR)
  • 血液生化
  • 血肌酐水平和肾小球滤过率 (GFR) 估算
全部具体信息

需要考虑的检查

  • 24 h 尿液收集
  • 腹部 CT
  • 磁共振血管造影
  • 多普勒超声
全部具体信息

治疗流程

贡献者

David J. Leehey MD, FACP

Professor of Medicine

Division of Nephrology

Loyola University Medical Center

Maywood

IL

Associate Chief of Staff for Clinical Affairs and Education

Veterans Affairs Hospital

Hines

IL

利益冲突披露
DJL declares that he has no competing interests.
Irfan Moinuddin MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Southern Illinois University School of Medicine

Springfield

IL

利益冲突披露
IM declares that he has no competing interests.

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Professor of Medicine

Department of Medicine

Division of Nephrology

Indiana University School of Medicine

Indianapolis

IN

利益冲突披露
RA declares that he has no competing interests.

Associate Professor

Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute

Melbourne

Australia

利益冲突披露
MCT has received honoraria for speaking and educational sessions conducted by Sanofi-Aventis, Servier, Boehringer-Ingleheim, Abbott, Amgen, and Jansen-Cilag.

Consultant/Senior Lecturer in Renal Medicine

Belfast City Hospital and Queen's University Belfast

Belfast City Hospital

Belfast

Northern Ireland

UK

利益冲突披露
DF has no share options, research support, or employment with pharmaceutical companies. He has received one-time speaking fees to cover his time preparing educational talks in the broad areas of diabetic nephropathy and chronic kidney disease, promoting early recognition and evidence-based or best practice management.

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