保证足够的日照和食用含维生素 D、钙和磷的强化食品有助于预防骨软化症。[35]Holick MF. Sunlight, UV-radiation, vitamin D and skin cancer: how much sunlight do we need? Adv Exp Med Biol. 2008;624:1-15.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18348443?tool=bestpractice.com根据美国医学研究所 2010 年最新的研究报告,1 至 70 岁的儿童及成人维生素 D 每日推荐摄入量为 600 国际单位 (IU),70 岁以上的成人为 800 IU。[36]The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D. November 2010. http://nationalacademies.org (last accessed 29 April 2016).http://nationalacademies.org/hmd/Reports/2010/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Calcium-and-Vitamin-D/DRI-Values.aspx
成人也应通过食物或补充剂摄入 1.2 g 的元素钙。[37]National Osteoporosis Foundation. Get the facts on calcium and vitamin D. http://www.nof.org/ (last accessed 9 May 2016).https://www.nof.org/patients/treatment/calciumvitamin-d/get-the-facts-on-calcium-and-vitamin-d/一些专家甚至建议,成人每日摄入维生素 D 2000 IU、儿童每日 1000 IU 才能达到最佳的健康状态。[38]Holick MF. Vitamin D: a D-lightful solution for health. J Investig Med. 2011;59:872-880.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21415774?tool=bestpractice.com