RSV 感染通常是自限性的,在 10 至 14 日内消退。
在美国,每年因细支气管炎而住院的婴儿中有 5% 需要机械通气。[1]Shay DK, Holman RC, Newman RD, et al. Bronchiolitis-associated hospitalizations among US children, 1980-1996. JAMA. 1999 Oct 20;282(15):1440-6.http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=192009http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10535434?tool=bestpractice.com[143]Leader S, Kohlhase K. Respiratory syncytial virus-coded pediatric hospitalizations, 1997 to 1999. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2002 Jul;21(7):629-32.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12237593?tool=bestpractice.com 全球每二百名婴儿中就有一名因 RSV 住院,死亡率接近 5%。[144]Sung RY, Murray HG, Chan RC, et al. Seasonal patterns of respiratory syncytial virus infection in Hong Kong: a preliminary report. J Infect Dis. 1987 Sep;156(3):527-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3611837?tool=bestpractice.com
罹患率会从初次感染者的 98% 降至非初次感染者的 75%。[32]Henderson FW, Collier AM, Clyde WA Jr., et al. Respiratory-syncytial-virus infections, reinfections and immunity: a prospective, longitudinal study in young children. N Engl J Med. 1979 Mar 8;300(10):530-4.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/763253?tool=bestpractice.com