这是全球最常见的运动障碍之一。患病率和发病率随年龄增长而增加,但是具有原发性震颤 (ET) 家族史的人群则在成年早期就会出现这种疾病。
一份基于 28 名患者患病率研究的荟萃分析揭示,所有年龄段的总发病率为 0.9% (95% CI 0.5%-1.5%)。[13]Louis ED, Ferreira JJ. How common is the most common adult movement disorder? Update on the worldwide prevalence of essential tremor. Mov Disord. 2010;25:534-541.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20175185?tool=bestpractice.com60 岁及以上人群中,患病率估计介于 1.3%-5%。[14]Louis ED, Ottman R, Hauser WA. How common is the most common adult movement disorder? Estimates of the prevalence of essential tremor throughout the world. Mov Disord. 1998;13:5-10.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9452318?tool=bestpractice.com美国患病率估计介于 0.3%(所有年龄段)-3.9%(65 岁以上),美国白人血统的患病率似乎高于黑人血统。[15]Haerer AF, Anderson DW, Schoenberg BS. Prevalence of essential tremor. Results from the Copiah County study. Arch Neurol. 1982;39:750-751.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7138316?tool=bestpractice.com[16]Louis ED, Fried LP, Fitzpatrick AL, et al. Regional and racial differences in the prevalence of physician-diagnosed essential tremor in the United States. Mov Disord. 2003;18:1035-1040.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14502671?tool=bestpractice.com[17]Louis ED, Marder K, Cote L, et al. Differences in the prevalence of essential tremor among elderly African Americans, whites, and Hispanics in northern Manhattan, NY. Arch Neurol. 1995;52:1201-1205.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7492295?tool=bestpractice.com[18]Rajput AH, Offord KP, Beard CM, et al. Essential tremor in Rochester, Minnesota: a 45-year study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1984;47:466-470.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1027820/pdf/jnnpsyc00121-0036.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6736976?tool=bestpractice.com一项关于明尼苏达州罗切斯特市原发性震颤的长达 45 年的研究显示,所有年龄组的年发病率为 24/100,000。[18]Rajput AH, Offord KP, Beard CM, et al. Essential tremor in Rochester, Minnesota: a 45-year study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1984;47:466-470.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1027820/pdf/jnnpsyc00121-0036.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6736976?tool=bestpractice.com50% 以上的病例都是 70 岁以上。[5]Louis ED. Clinical practice. Essential tremor. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:887-891.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11565522?tool=bestpractice.com