Hopkins PM. Malignant hyperthermia: pharmacology of triggering. Br J Anaesth. 2011;107:48-56.
Riazi S, Larach MG, Hu C, et al. Malignant hyperthermia in Canada: characteristics of index anesthetics in 129 malignant hyperthermia susceptible probands. Anesth Analg. 2014;118:381-387.
Larach MG, Gronert GA, Allen GC, et al. Clinical presentation, treatment, and complications of malignant hyperthermia in North America from 1987 to 2006. Anesth Analg. 2010;110:498-507.
Parness J. Hot on the trail of "I know it when I see it!". Anesth Analg. 2014;118;243-246.
Levano S, Vukcevic M, Singer M, et al. Increasing the number of diagnostic mutations in malignant hyperthermia. Human Mutat. 2009;30:590-598.
Migita T, Mukaida K, Kobayashi M, et al. The severity of sevoflurane-induced malignant hyperthermia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2012;56:351-356.
Hirshey Dirksen SJ, Larach MG, Rosenberg H, et al. Future directions in malignant hyperthermia research and patient care. Anesth Analg. 2011;113:1108-1119.
Hopkins PM, Rüffert H, Snoeck MM, et al. European Malignant Hyperthermia Group guidelines for investigation of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. Br J Anaesth. 2015;115:531-539.
Larach MG, Brandom BW, Allen GC, et al. Malignant hyperthermia deaths related to inadequate temperature monitoring, 2007-2012: a report from the North American malignant hyperthermia registry of the malignant hyperthermia association of the United States. Anesth Analg. 2014;119:1359-1366.
Larach MG, Localio AR, Allen GC, et al. A clinical grading scale to predict MH susceptibility. Anesthesiology. 1994;80:771-779.
Larach MG; North American Malignant Hyperthermia Group. Standardization of the caffeine-halothane muscle contracture test. Anesth Analg. 1989;69:511-515.
Cottron N, Larcher C, Sommet A, et al. The sevoflurane washout profile of seven recent anesthesia workstations for malignant hyperthermia-susceptible adults and infants: a bench test study. Anesth Analg. 2014;119:67-75.
Glahn KP, Ellis FR, Halsall PJ, et al. Recognizing and managing a malignant hyperthermia crisis: guidelines from the European Malignant Hyperthermia Group. Br J Anaesth. 2010;105:417-420.
Brandom BW, Kang A, Sivak EL, et al. Update on dantrolene in the treatment of anesthetic induced malignant hyperthermia. SOJ Anesthesiol Pain Manag. 2015;2:1-6.
Larach MG, Dirksen SJ, Belani KG, et al; Society for Ambulatory Anesthesiology; Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States; Ambulatory Surgery Foundation; Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians. Special article: Creation of a guide for the transfer of care of the malignant hyperthermia patient from ambulatory surgery centers to receiving hospital facilities. Anesth Analg. 2012;114:94-100.
1. Hopkins PM. Malignant hyperthermia: pharmacology of triggering. Br J Anaesth. 2011;107:48-56.
2. Sagui E, Montigon C, Abriat A, et al. Is there a link between exertional heat stroke and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia? PLoS One. 2015;10:e0135496.
3. Litman RS, Flood CD, Kaplan RF, et al. Postoperative malignant hyperthermia: an analysis of cases from the North American Malignant Hyperthermia Registry. Anesthesiology. 2008;109:825-829.
4. Riazi S, Larach MG, Hu C, et al. Malignant hyperthermia in Canada: characteristics of index anesthetics in 129 malignant hyperthermia susceptible probands. Anesth Analg. 2014;118:381-387.
5. Larach MG, Gronert GA, Allen GC, et al. Clinical presentation, treatment, and complications of malignant hyperthermia in North America from 1987 to 2006. Anesth Analg. 2010;110:498-507.
6. Rosenberg H, Pollock N, Schiemann A, et al. Malignant hyperthermia: a review. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2015;10:93.
7. Tobin JR, Jason DR, Challa VR, et al. Malignant hyperthermia and apparent heat stroke. JAMA. 2001;286:168-169.
8. Lavezzi WA, Capacchione JF, Muldoon SM, et al. Case report: death in the emergency department: an unrecognized awake malignant hyperthermia-like reaction in a six-year-old. Anesth Analg. 2013;116:420-423.
9. Parness J. Hot on the trail of "I know it when I see it!". Anesth Analg. 2014;118;243-246.
10. Davis M, Brown R, Dickson A, et al. Malignant hyperthermia associated with exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis or congenital abnormalities and a novel RYR1 mutation in New Zealand and Australian pedigrees. Br J Anaesth. 2002;88:508-515.
11. Groom L, Muldoon SM, Tang ZZ, et al. Identical de novo mutation in the type 1 ryanodine receptor gene associated with fatal, stress-induced malignant hyperthermia in two unrelated families. Anesthesiology. 2011;115:938-945.
12. Brown RL, Pollock AN, Couchman KG, et al. A novel ryanodine receptor mutation and genotype-phenotype correlation in a large malignant hyperthermia New Zealand Maori pedigree. Hum Mol Genet. 2000;9:1515-1524.
13. Brandom BW, Muldoon SM. Unexpected MH deaths without exposure to inhalation anesthetics in pediatric patients. Paediatr Anaesth. 2013;23:851-854.
14. Chamley D, Pollock NA, Stowell KM, et al. Malignant hyperthermia in infancy and identification of novel RYR1 mutation. Br J Anaesth. 2000;84:500-504.
15. Ording H. Incidence of malignant hyperthermia in Denmark. Anesth Analg. 1985;64:700-707.
16. Monnier N, Krivosic-Horber R, Payen JF, et al. Presence of two different genetic traits in malignant hyperthermia families: implications for genetics analysis, diagnosis, and incidence of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:1067-1074.
17. Ibarra MCA, Wu S, Murayama K, et al. Malignant hyperthermia in Japan: mutation screening of the entire ryanodine receptor type 1 gene coding region by direct sequencing. Anesthesiology. 2006;104:1146-1154.
18. Brandom BW, Bina S, Wong CA, et al. Ryanodine receptor type 1 gene variants in the malignant hyperthermia-susceptible population of the United States. Anesth Analg. 2013;116:1078-1086.
19. Gonsalves SG, Ng D, Johnston JJ, et al; NISC Comparative Sequencing Program. Using exome data to identify malignant hyperthermia susceptibility mutations. Anesthesiology. 2013;119:1043-1053.
20. Kraeva N, Riazi S, Loke J, et al. Ryanodine receptor type 1 gene mutations found in the Canadian malignant hyperthermia population. Can J Anaesth. 2011;58:504-513.
21. Chan B, Chen SP, Wong WC, et al. RYR1-related central core myopathy in a Chinese adolescent boy. Hong Kong Med J. 2011;17:67-70.
22. Gillies RL, Bjorksten AR, Du Sart D, et al. Analysis of the entire ryanodine receptor type 1 and alpha 1 subunit of the dihydropyridine receptor (CACNA1S) coding regions for variants associated with malignant hyperthermia in Australian families. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2015;43:157-166.
23. Sambuughin N, Holley H, Muldoon S, et al. Screening of the entire ryanodine receptor type 1 coding region for sequence variants associated with malignant hyperthermia susceptibility in the North American population. Anesthesiology. 2005;102:515-521.
24. Levano S, Vukcevic M, Singer M, et al. Increasing the number of diagnostic mutations in malignant hyperthermia. Human Mutat. 2009;30:590-598.
25. Sumitani M, Uchida K, Yasunaga H, et al. Prevalence of malignant hyperthermia and relationship with anesthetics in Japan: data from the diagnosis procedure combination database. Anesthesiology. 2011;114:84-90.
26. Visoiu M, Young MC, Wieland K, et al. Anesthetic drugs and onset of malignant hyperthermia. Anesth Analg. 2014;118:388-396.
27. Denborough MA, Forster JF, Lovell RR, et al. Anaesthetic deaths in a family. Br J Anaesth. 1962;34:395-396.
28. Migita T, Mukaida K, Kobayashi M, et al. The severity of sevoflurane-induced malignant hyperthermia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2012;56:351-356.
29. Carsana A. Exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis and stress-induced malignant hyperthermia events, association with malignant hyperthermia susceptibility, and RYR1 gene sequence variations. ScientificWorldJournal. 2013;2013:531465.
30. Klingler W, Heiderich S, Girard T, et al. Functional and genetic characterization of clinical malignant hyperthermia crises: a multi-centre study. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2014;9:8.
31. Brislin RP, Theroux MC. Core myopathies and malignant hyperthermia susceptibility: a review. Paediatr Anaesth. 2013;23:834-841.
32. Flick RP, Gleich SJ, Herr MM, et al. The risk of malignant hyperthermia in children undergoing muscle biopsy for suspected neuromuscular disorder. Pediatr Anesth. 2007;17:22-27.
33. Breucking E, Reimnitz P, Schara U, et al. Anesthetic complications. The incidence of severe anesthetic complications in patients and families with progressive muscular dystrophy of the Duchenne and Becker types. Anesthetist. 2000;49:187-195.
34. Salazar JH, Yang J, Shen L, et al. Pediatric malignant hyperthermia: risk factors, morbidity, and mortality identified from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample and Kids' Inpatient Database. Paediatr Anaesth. 2014;24:1212-1216.
35. Timmins MA, Rosenberg H, Larach MG, et al. Malignant hyperthermia testing in probands without adverse anesthetic reaction. Anesthesiology. 2015;123:548-556.
36. Hirshey Dirksen SJ, Larach MG, Rosenberg H, et al. Future directions in malignant hyperthermia research and patient care. Anesth Analg. 2011;113:1108-1119.
37. Fill M, Coronado R, Mickelson JR, et al. Abnormal ryanodine receptor channels in malignant hyperthermia. Biophys J. 1990;57:471-475.
38. Laver DR, Owen VJ, Junankar PR, et al. Reduced inhibitory effect of Mg2+ on ryanodine receptor Ca2+ release channels in malignant hyperthermia. Biophys J. 1997;73:1913-1924.
39. Durham WJ, Aracena-Parks P, Long C, et al. RyR1 S-nitrosylation underlies environmental heat stroke and sudden death in Y522S RyR1 knockin mice. Cell. 2008;133:53-65.
40. Chelu MG, Goonasekera SA, Durham WJ, et al. Heat- and anesthesia-induced malignant hyperthermia in an RyR1 knock-in mouse. FASEB. 2006;20:329-330.
41. Zhao X, Min CK, Ko JK, et al. Increased store-operated Ca2+ entry in skeletal muscle with reduced calsequestrin-1 expression. Biophys J. 2010;99:1556-1564.
42. Lopez JR, Allen PD, Alamo L, et al. Myoplasmic free [Ca2+] during a malignant hyperthermia episode in swine. Muscle Nerve. 1988;11:82-88.
43. Ohta T, Endo M, Nakano T, et al. Ca-induced Ca release in malignant hyperthermia-susceptible pig skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol. 1989;256:C358-C367.
44. Ryan JF, Lopez JR, Sanchez VB, et al. Myoplasmic calcium changes precede metabolic and clinical signs of porcine malignant hyperthermia. Anesth Analg. 1994;79:1007-1011.
45. Bouchama A, Knochel JP. Heat stroke. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:1978-1988.
46. Rosenberg H. Mining for mutations in malignant hyperthermia. Anesth Analg. 2011;113:975-976.
47. Smith JP, Sutcliffe OB, Banks CE. An overview of recent developments in the analytical detection of new psychoactive substances (NPSs). Analyst. 2015;140:4932-4948.
48. Landau ME, Kenney K, Deuster P, et al. Exertional rhabdomyolysis: a clinical review with a focus on genetic influences. J Clin Neuromuscul Dis. 2012;13:122-136.
49. Zhao X, Song Q, Gao Y. Hypothesis: exertional heat stroke-induced myopathy and genetically inherited malignant hyperthermia represent the same disorder, the human stress syndrome. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2014;70:1325-1329.
50. Robinson RL, Anetseder MJ, Brancadoro V, et al. Recent advances in the diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility: how confident can we be of genetic testing? Eur J Human Genet. 2003;11:342-348.
51. Hopkins PM, Rüffert H, Snoeck MM, et al. European Malignant Hyperthermia Group guidelines for investigation of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. Br J Anaesth. 2015;115:531-539.
52. Larach MG, Brandom BW, Allen GC, et al. Malignant hyperthermia deaths related to inadequate temperature monitoring, 2007-2012: a report from the North American malignant hyperthermia registry of the malignant hyperthermia association of the United States. Anesth Analg. 2014;119:1359-1366.
53. Shafer SL, Dexter F, Brull SJ. Deadly heat: economics of continuous temperature monitoring during general anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 2014;119:1235-1237.
54. Nelson P, Litman RS. Malignant hyperthermia in children: an analysis of the North American malignant hyperthermia registry. Anesth Analg. 2014;118:369-374.
55. Larach MG, Localio AR, Allen GC, et al. A clinical grading scale to predict MH susceptibility. Anesthesiology. 1994;80:771-779.
56. Herlich A. Perioperative temperature elevation: not all hyperthermia is malignant hyperthermia. Paediatr Anaesth. 2013;23:842-850.
57. Metterlein T, Schuster F, Kranke P, et al. In-vitro contracture testing for susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia: can halothane be replaced? Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2011;28:251-255.
58. Islander G, Twetman ER. Comparison between the European and North American protocols for diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility in humans. Anesth Analg. 1999;88:1155-1160.
59. Stowell KM. DNA testing for malignant hyperthermia: the reality and the dream. Anesth Analg. 2014;118:397-406.
60. Lanner JT. Ryanodine receptor physiology and its role in disease. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2012;740:217-234.
61. Robinson RL, Curran JL, Ellis FR, et al. Multiple interacting gene products may influence susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia. Ann Hum Genet. 2000;64:307-320.
62. Schiemann AH, Paul N, Parker R, et al. Functional characterization of 2 known ryanodine receptor mutations causing malignant hyperthermia. Anesth Analg. 2014;118:375-380.
63. Kaufmann A, Kraft B, Michalek-Sauberer A, et al. Novel double and single ryanodine receptor 1 variants in two Austrian malignant hyperthermia families. Anesth Analg. 2012;114:1017-1025.
64. Urwyler A, Deufel T, McCarthy T, et al, and the European Malignant Hyperthermia Group. Guidelines for molecular genetic detection of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. Br J Anaesth. 2001;86:283-287.
65. Girard T, Treves S, Voronkov E, et al. Molecular genetic testing for malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. Anesthesiology. 2004;100:1076-1080.
66. Gronert GA, Tobin JR, Muldoon S. Malignant hyperthermia: human stress triggering. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011;1813:2191-2192
67. Schütte JK, Becker S, Burmester S, et al. Comparison of the therapeutic effectiveness of a dantrolene sodium solution and a novel nanocrystalline suspension of dantrolene sodium in malignant hyperthermia normal and susceptible pigs. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2011;28:256-264.
68. Newmark JL, Voelkel M, Brandom BW, et al. Delayed onset of malignant hyperthermia without creatine kinase elevation in a geriatric, ryanodine receptor type 1 gene compound heterozygous patient. Anesthesiology. 2007;107:350-353.
69. Allen GC, Larach MG, Kunselman AR, and the North American MH Registry of MHAUS. The sensitivity and specificity of the caffeine-halothane contracture test. Anesthesiology. 1998;88;579-588.
70. Ording H, Brancadoro V, Cozzolino S, et al. In vitro contracture test for diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia following the protocol of the European MH Group: results of testing patients surviving fulminant MH and unrelated low-risk subjects. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1997;41:955-966.
71. Martyn JA, Richtsfeld M. Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in acquired pathologic states: etiologic factors and molecular mechanisms. Anesthesiology. 2006;104:158-169.
72. Sun-Edelstein C, Tepper SJ, Shapiro RE. Drug-induced serotonin syndrome: a review. Expert Opin Drug Safety. 2008;7:587-596.
73. Perry PJ, Wilborn CA. Serotonin syndrome vs neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a contrast of causes, diagnoses, and management. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2012;24:155-162.
74. Paden MS, Franjic L, Halcomb SE. Hyperthermia caused by drug interactions and adverse reactions. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2013;31:1035-1044.
75. Gurrera RJ, Caroff SN, Cohen A, et al. An international consensus study of neuroleptic malignant syndrome diagnostic criteria using the Delphi method. J Clin Psychiatry. 2011;72:1222-1228.
76. Shailesh Kumar MV, Carr RJ, Komanduri V, et al. Differential diagnosis of thyroid crisis and malignant hyperthermia in an anesthetized porcine model. Endocr Res. 1999;25:87-103.
77. Grunau BE, Wiens MO, Brubacher JR. Dantrolene in the treatment of MDMA-related hyperpyrexia: a systematic review. CJEM. 2010;12:435-442.
78. Sykutera M, Cychowska M, Bloch-Boguslawska E. A fatal case of pentedrone and α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone poisoning. J Anal Toxicol. 2015;39:324-329.
79. Larach MG; North American Malignant Hyperthermia Group. Standardization of the caffeine-halothane muscle contracture test. Anesth Analg. 1989;69:511-515.
80. Kim TW, Nemergut ME. Preparation of modern anesthesia workstations for malignant hyperthermia-susceptible patients: a review of past and present practice. Anesthesiology. 2011;114:205-212.
81. Cottron N, Larcher C, Sommet A, et al. The sevoflurane washout profile of seven recent anesthesia workstations for malignant hyperthermia-susceptible adults and infants: a bench test study. Anesth Analg. 2014;119:67-75.
82. Block FE Jr. Malignant hyperthermia and charcoal absorbent: too hot to handle. Anesth Analg. 2011;112:1270-1271.
83. Bilmen JG, Gillies RI. Clarifying the role of activated charcoal filters in preparing an anaesthetic workstation for malignant hyperthermia-susceptible patients. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2014;42:51-58.
84. Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland. Malignant hyperthermia crisis: AAGBI safety guideline. 2015. http://www.aagbi.org/ (last accessed 14 July 2016).
85. Glahn KP, Ellis FR, Halsall PJ, et al. Recognizing and managing a malignant hyperthermia crisis: guidelines from the European Malignant Hyperthermia Group. Br J Anaesth. 2010;105:417-420.
86. Burkman JM, Posner KL, Domino KB. Analysis of the clinical variables associated with recrudescence after malignant hyperthermia reactions. Anesthesiology. 2007;106:901-906.
87. Kang BJ, Song J, Kim SK, et al. A suspected case of malignant hyperthermia that was successfully treated with dantrolene administration via nasogastric tube. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2012;63:378-380.
88. Fang S, Xu H, Zhu Y, et al. Continuous veno-venous hemofiltration for massive rhabdomyolysis after malignant hyperthermia: report of 2 cases. Anesth Prog. 2013;60:21-24.
89. Migita T, Mukaida K, Yasuda T, et al. Calcium channel blockers are inadequate for malignant hyperthermia crisis. J Anesth. 2012;26:579-584.
90. Brandom BW, Kang A, Sivak EL, et al. Update on dantrolene in the treatment of anesthetic induced malignant hyperthermia. SOJ Anesthesiol Pain Manag. 2015;2:1-6.
91. Larach MG, Dirksen SJ, Belani KG, et al; Society for Ambulatory Anesthesiology; Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States; Ambulatory Surgery Foundation; Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians. Special article: Creation of a guide for the transfer of care of the malignant hyperthermia patient from ambulatory surgery centers to receiving hospital facilities. Anesth Analg. 2012;114:94-100.
92. Aderibigbe T, Lang BH, Rosenberg H, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of stocking dantrolene in ambulatory surgery centers for the treatment of malignant hyperthermia. Anesthesiology. 2014;120:1333-1338.
93. Litman RS, Joshi GP. Malignant hyperthermia in the ambulatory surgery center: how should we prepare? Anesthesiology. 2014;120:1306-1308.
94. Brown CV, Rhee P, Chan L, et al. Preventing renal failure in patients with rhabdomyolysis: do bicarbonate and mannitol make a difference? J Trauma. 2004;56:1191-1196.
95. Zimmerman JL, Shen MC. Rhabdomyolysis. Chest. 2013;144:1058-1065.
96. Larach MG, Brandom BW, Allen GC, et al. Cardiac arrests and deaths associated with malignant hyperthermia in North America from 1987 to 2006: a report from the North American Malignant Hyperthermia Registry of the Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States. Anesthesiology. 2008;108:603-611.
使用此内容应接受我们的免责声明。
BMJ临床实践的持续改进离不开您的帮助和反馈。如果您发现任何功能问题和内容错误,或您对BMJ临床实践有任何疑问或建议,请您扫描右侧二维码并根据页面指导填写您的反馈和联系信息*。一旦您的建议在我们核实后被采纳,您将会收到一份小礼品。
如果您有紧急问题需要我们帮助,请您联系我们。
邮箱:bmjchina.support@bmj.com
电话:+86 10 64100686-612
*您的联系信息仅会用于我们与您确认反馈信息和礼品事宜。
BMJ临床实践官方反馈平台