自1940年起,脓毒性海绵窦血栓形成(CST)相关的总死亡率从抗生素出现以前的80~100%降至20~30%。[29]Ebright JR, Pace MT, Niazi AF. Septic thrombosis of the cavernous sinuses. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161:2671-2676.http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/161/22/2671http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11732931?tool=bestpractice.com
一旦渡过急性期,将逐渐进入康复期。30%的患者有严重后遗症,包括:[7]Southwick FS, Richardson EP Jr, Swartz MN. Septic thrombosis of the dural venous sinuses. Medicine. 1986;65:82-106.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3512953?tool=bestpractice.com[5]Macdonald RL, Findlay JM, Tator CH. Sphenoethmoidal sinusitis complicated by cavernous sinus thrombosis and pontocerebellar infarction. Can J Neurol Sci. 1988;15:310-313.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3208216?tool=bestpractice.com[14]Levine SR, Twyman RE, Gilman S. The role of anticoagulation in cavernous sinus thrombosis. Neurology. 1988;38:517-522.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3281056?tool=bestpractice.com[69]Sahjpaul RL, Lee DH. Infratentorial subdural empyema, pituitary abscess, and septic cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis secondary to paranasal sinusitis: case report. Neurosurgery. 1999;44:864-866; discussion 866-868.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10201313?tool=bestpractice.com[41]Bhatia K, Jones NS. Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis secondary to sinusitis: are anticoagulants indicated? A review of the literature. J Laryngol Otol. 2002;116:667-676.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12437798?tool=bestpractice.com
蝶窦炎相关的CST病例的发病率和死亡率特别高,这是因为这些病例的诊断和治疗常被延误。[7]Southwick FS, Richardson EP Jr, Swartz MN. Septic thrombosis of the dural venous sinuses. Medicine. 1986;65:82-106.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3512953?tool=bestpractice.com区别脓毒性CST和非脓毒性CST治疗效果的数据有限,尽管通常认为非脓毒性CST的治疗结果更好。