心脏压塞的流行病学与其病因以及这些疾病状态的危险因素的流行病学直接相关。有两项报告指出,有大量心包积液(超声心动图检查>10 mm)的患者的心脏压塞的发生率为 37% 至 44%。心脏压塞可见于任何年龄人群,但最常见于中年和老年人群。[7]Columbo A, Olson HG, Egan J, et al. Etiology and prognostic implications of a large pericardial effusion in men. Clin Cardiol. 1998;11:389-394.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3293859?tool=bestpractice.com[8]Sagrista-Sauleda J, Merce J, Permanyer-Miralda G, et al. Clinical clues to the causes of large pericardial effusions. Am J Med. 2000;109:95-101.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10967149?tool=bestpractice.com在结核病流行区,结核性心包炎仍是心包积液和心脏压塞的主要病因。[9]Gibbs C, Watson RD, Singh SP, et al. Management of pericardial effusion by drainage: a survey of 10 years' experience in a city centre general hospital serving a multiracial population. Postgrad Med J. 2000;76:809-813.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11085787?tool=bestpractice.com