流行病学数据显示,全球范围内 ED 患病率和发病率都很高。[4]European Association of Urology. Guidelines on male sexual dysfunction. 2017 [internet publication].http://uroweb.org/guideline/male-sexual-dysfunction/ 在德国科隆,ED在30-80岁男性中的发病率约为19.2%。[5]Braun M, Wassmer G, Klotz T, et al. Epidemiology of erectile dysfunction: results of the 'Cologne Male Survey'. Int J Impot Res. 2000 Dec;12(6):305-11.http://www.nature.com/ijir/journal/v12/n6/pdf/3900622a.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11416833?tool=bestpractice.com
ED新发病例同样很多。 在巴西,2年时间内每1000名男性中每年新发病例约65.6例。[6]Moreira ED Jr, Lbo CF, Diament A, et al. Incidence of erectile dysfunction in men 40 to 69 years old: results from a population-based cohort study in Brazil. Urology. 2003 Feb;61(2):431-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12597962?tool=bestpractice.com 一项在荷兰开展的为期 4.2 年的研究估计,严重勃起功能障碍的年发病率为每 1000 名男性中 19.2 例。[7]Schouten BW, Bosch JL, Bernsen RM, et al. Incidence rates of erectile dysfunction in the Dutch general population. Effects of definition, clinical relevance and duration of follow-up in the Krimpen Study. Int J Impot Res. 2005 Jan-Feb;17(1):58-62.http://www.nature.com/ijir/journal/v17/n1/full/3901264a.htmlhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15510192?tool=bestpractice.com
在美国50-59岁的男性人群中,ED的发病率大约为20%;在40-70岁的男性中约有一半患有不同程度的ED。[8]Laumann EO, Paik A, Rosen RC. Sexual dysfunction in the United States: prevalence and predictors. JAMA. 1999 Feb 10;281(6):537-44.http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/188762http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10022110?tool=bestpractice.com[9]Feldman HA, Goldstein I, Hatzichristou DG, et al. Impotence and its medical and psychosocial correlates: results of the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. J Urol. 1994 Jan;151(1):54-61.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8254833?tool=bestpractice.com[10]Johannes CB, Araujo AB, Feldman HA, et al. Incidence of erectile dysfunction in men 40 to 69 years old: longitudinal results from the Massachusetts male aging study. J Urol. 2000 Feb;163(2):460-3.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10647654?tool=bestpractice.com 在美国,约有 3000 万男性患有勃起障碍 (ED),由于非侵入性治疗方式的开展(例如 1998 年引入的磷酸二酯酶-5 抑制剂),与勃起功能障碍相关的资源使用明显增加。2005 年,美国勃起功能障碍的药物治疗费用大约是 25 亿美元,如果不含药物治疗费用,2000 年美国勃起功能障碍相关费用为 3.3 亿美元。尽管如此,勃起功能障碍对劳动力的直接影响以及所致工作日损失和致残率很低。[11]Wessells H, Joyce GF, Wise M, et al. Erectile dysfunction. J Urol. 2007 May;177(5):1675-81.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17437781?tool=bestpractice.com 进一步估计提示有相当一部分男性并没有寻求相关治疗。如果这部分人群接受治疗,那么治疗ED相关费用将会达到每年150亿美元。[12]Saigal CS, Wessells H, Pace J, et al. Predictors and prevalence of erectile dysfunction in a racially diverse population. Arch Intern Med. 2006 Jan 23;166(2):207-12.http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/409619http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16432090?tool=bestpractice.com
一项研究表明,首次寻求医疗帮助的新发 ED 患者中有四分之一年龄小于 40 岁。 [13]Capogrosso P, Colicchia M, Ventimiglia E, et al. One patient out of four with newly diagnosed erectile dysfunction is a young man - worrisome picture from the everyday clinical practice. J Sex Med. 2013 Jul;10(7):1833-41.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23651423?tool=bestpractice.com ED 的发病率和患病率随年龄增长而增加。
ED具有种族差异,西班牙裔发病率约是其他人群的两倍并且更易在较年轻的时候发病。 依据医疗保健使用率,不管是在门诊还是病房,美国黑人就诊人数约是其他患者的2倍。[12]Saigal CS, Wessells H, Pace J, et al. Predictors and prevalence of erectile dysfunction in a racially diverse population. Arch Intern Med. 2006 Jan 23;166(2):207-12.http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/409619http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16432090?tool=bestpractice.com