常规的疫苗接种使得感染成为一种可防性疾病。但小于6个月的婴儿还不能进行完全免疫接种,因此属高危人群。百日咳疫苗分两次分别在出生后第2个月和第6个月接种。[1]Mattoo S, Cherry JD. Molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of respiratory infections due to Bordetella pertussis and other Bordetella subspecies. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005;18:326-382.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831828?tool=bestpractice.com[12]Cherry JD. The epidemiology of pertussis: a comparison of the epidemiology of the disease pertussis with the epidemiology of Bordetella pertussis infection. Pediatrics. 2005;115:1422-1427.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15867059?tool=bestpractice.com[15]Galanis E, King AS, Varughese P, et al. Changing epidemiology and emerging risk groups for pertussis. CMAJ. 2006;174:451-452.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16477052?tool=bestpractice.com[17]Edwards KM. Overview of pertussis: focus on epidemiology, sources of infection, and long term protection after infant vaccination. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005;24:S104-S108.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15931137?tool=bestpractice.com[29]Gregory DS. Pertussis: a disease affecting all ages. Am Fam Physician. 2006;74:420-426.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16913160?tool=bestpractice.com[30]De Serres G, Shadmani R, Duval B, et al. Morbidity of pertussis in adolescents and adults. J Infect Dis. 2000;182:174-179.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10882595?tool=bestpractice.com
疾病严重性易被忽视,因此在婴幼儿中尤要警觉这个疾病。