体征/症状 婴幼儿或老年人,早产的婴儿、鼻炎。 结膜炎、累及鼻窦/耳、哮鸣、呼吸困难、辅助呼吸肌参与呼吸
社区爆发史[1]Mattoo S, Cherry JD. Molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of respiratory infections due to Bordetella pertussis and other Bordetella subspecies. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005;18:326-382.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831828?tool=bestpractice.com[2]Kretsinger K, Broder KR, Cortese MM, et al. Preventing tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis among adults: use of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2006;55:1-33.http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5517a1.htmhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17167397?tool=bestpractice.com[29]Gregory DS. Pertussis: a disease affecting all ages. Am Fam Physician. 2006;74:420-426.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16913160?tool=bestpractice.com[55]Brown MO, St. Anna L, Ohl M. Clinical inquiries. What are the indications for evaluating a patient with cough for pertussis? J Fam Pract. 2005;54:74-76.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15623412?tool=bestpractice.com
检查 细菌学培养阴性时不能排除诊断,但阳性结果可明确诊断。
可以通过分离病毒,检测病毒抗原、病毒RNA或动态监测血清抗体的升高,或几种检测方法的联合使用来确诊RSV感染。大多数临床实验室使用抗原检测来诊断感染。