在美国,包括慢性胰腺炎在内的良性胰腺疾病患病人数约为 500 万-2400 万,2004 年导致 445,000 次住院和 881,000 次内科就诊。[16]Lowenfels AB, Sullivan T, Fiorianti J, et al. The epidemiology and impact of pancreatic diseases in the United States. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2005 May;7(2):90-5.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15802095?tool=bestpractice.com[17]Everhart JE, Ruhl CE. Burden of digestive diseases in the United States part III: liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Gastroenterology. 2009 Apr;136(4):1134-44.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19245868?tool=bestpractice.com慢性胰腺炎的发病率、患病率及病死率因研究设计、诊断标准和地域不同而不同。尸检结果显示,慢性胰腺炎的患病率范围为 0.04%[18]Sarles H. An international survey on nutrition and pancreatitis. Digestion. 1973;9(5):389-403.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4206286?tool=bestpractice.com 至 5%。[19]Olsen TS. The incidence and clinical relevance of chronic inflammation in the pancreas in autopsy material. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand A. 1978 Sep;86A(5):361-5.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/716898?tool=bestpractice.com 总体年发病率为 2-14/100,000,并且患病率范围(数据仅限于有限数量的人群)为 0.04%-0.05%,[20]Machicado JD, Yadav D. Epidemiology of recurrent acute and chronic pancreatitis: similarities and differences. Dig Dis Sci. 2017 Jul;62(7):1683-91.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5478431/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28281168?tool=bestpractice.com[21]Machicado JD, Rebours V, Yadav D. Epidemiology of chronic pancreatitis. July 2016 [internet publication].https://www.pancreapedia.org/reviews/epidemiology-of-chronic-pancreatitis据估计,在美国该病可累及150,000 至 200,000 人,每年花费约 36 亿美元。[22]Dennison AR, Garcea G. Economic burden of chronic pancreatitis and implications of total pancreatectomy and autologous islet cell transplantation. J Pancreas (Online). 2015 Sep;16(5):517-26.http://pancreas.imedpub.com/economic-burden-of-chronic-pancreatitis-and-implications-of-total-pancreatectomy-and-autologous-islet-cell-transplantation.pdf 大型人群研究显示出类似性。一项法国全国性调查报告,慢性胰腺炎的年发病率为 8.3 例/10 万人,患病率为 0.03%(6,040 万居民中有 1.6 万人患病),[23]Lévy P, Barthet M, Mollard BR, et al. Estimation of the prevalence and incidence of chronic pancreatitis and its complications. Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2006 Jun-Jul;30(6-7):838-44.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16885867?tool=bestpractice.com 而明尼苏达州奥姆斯特德县的一项 1977-2006 年的人口调查报告显示,慢性胰腺炎的年发病率为 4.35 例/10 万,患病率为 0.04%。[24]Yadav D, Timmons L, Benson JT, et al. Incidence, prevalence, and survival of chronic pancreatitis: a population-based study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Dec;106(12):2192-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21946280?tool=bestpractice.com 唯一的前瞻性研究显示,丹麦人口慢性胰腺炎的发病率为每年8.2例/10万,患病率为0.03%。[25]Copenhagen pancreatitis study. An interim report from a prospective epidemiological multicentre study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1981;16(2):305-12.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7313541?tool=bestpractice.com 一项纳入 14 项研究的 meta 分析表明,胰腺炎首次发作后的慢性胰腺炎患病率为 10%,而多次发作后的慢性胰腺炎患病率为 36%。[26]Sankaran SJ, Xiao AY, Wu LM, et al. Frequency of progression from acute to chronic pancreatitis and risk factors: a meta-analysis. Gastroenterology. 2015 Nov;149(6):1490-500.http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(15)01175-0/fulltexthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26299411?tool=bestpractice.com 在印度南部,慢性胰腺炎的患病率曾高达114~200例/10万, 其中多数为特发性/热带性胰腺炎。[27]Garg PK, Tandon RK. Survey on chronic pancreatitis in the Asia-Pacific region. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Sep;19(9):998-1004.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15304116?tool=bestpractice.com 2002年日本首次对自身免疫性胰腺炎进行普查,结果显示依据日本胰腺协会制订的诊断标准,自身免疫性胰腺炎的患病率为0.82例/10万, 其中大多数为45岁以上的中老年男性。[28]Nishimori I, Tamakoshi A, Otsuki M; Research Committee on Intractable Disease of the Pancreas (Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare of Japan). Prevalence of autoimmune pancreatitis in Japan from a nationwide survey in 2002. J Gastroenterol. 2007;42(suppl. 18):6-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17520216?tool=bestpractice.com 1999年,美国因慢性胰腺炎死亡人数为3 289例,位居致死性疾病第235位。 发病年龄由于病因不同而呈现差异。 遗传性胰腺炎发病高峰为10~14岁,青少年特发性慢性胰腺炎为19~23岁,酒精性慢性胰腺炎为36~44岁,而老年特发性慢性胰腺炎为56~62岁。[29]Mullhaupt B, Truninger K, Ammann R. Impact of etiology on the painful early stage of chronic pancreatitis: a long-term prospective study. Z Gastroenterol. 2005 Dec;43(12):1293-301.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16315124?tool=bestpractice.com[30]Layer P, Yamamoto H, Kalthoff L, et al. The different courses of early- and late-onset idiopathic and alcoholic chronic pancreatitis. Gastroenterology. 1994 Nov;107(5):1481-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7926511?tool=bestpractice.com[31]Lowenfels AB, Maisonneuve P, DiMagno EP, et al. Hereditary pancreatitis and the risk of pancreatic cancer: International Hereditary Pancreatitis Study Group. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 Mar 19;89(6):442-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9091646?tool=bestpractice.com