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Jauniaux E, Farquharson RG, Christiansen OB, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for the investigation and medical treatment of recurrent miscarriage. Hum Reprod. 2006;21:2216-2222.

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48.  Henderson J, Gray R, Brocklehurst P. Systematic review of effects of low moderate alcohol exposure in pregnancy outcome. BJOG. 2007;114:243-252.

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49.  Tolstrup JS, Kjaer SK, Munk C, et al. Does caffeine and alcohol intake before pregnancy predict the occurrence of spontaneous abortion? Hum Reprod. 2003;18:2704-2710.

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50.  Nielsen A, Hannibal CG, Lindekilde BE, et al. Maternal smoking predicts the risk of spontaneous abortion. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006;85:1057-1065.

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51.  Venners SA, Wang X, Chen C, et al. Paternal smoking and pregnancy loss: a prospective study using a biomarker of pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol. 2004;159:993-1001.

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56.  Balogun OO, da Silva Lopes K, Ota E, et al. Vitamin supplementation for preventing miscarriage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;(5):CD004073.

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57.  Aleman A, Althabe F, Belizán JM, et al. Bed rest during pregnancy for preventing miscarriage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;(2):CD003576.

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60.  Tong S, Wallace EM, Rombauts L. Association between low day 16 hCG and miscarriage after proven cardiac activity. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;107:300-304.

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61.  Condous G, Okaro E, Bourne T. The conservative management of early pregnancy complications: a review of the literature. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2003;22:420-430.

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97.  Tunçalp O, Gülmezoglu AM, Souza JP. Surgical procedures for evacuating incomplete miscarriage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(9):CD001993.

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108.  Haas DM, Ramsey PS. Progestogen for preventing miscarriage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(10):CD003511.

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118.  Duckitt K, Qureshi A. Recurrent miscarriage. BMJ Clin Evid. 2015. http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com (last accessed 24 November 2016).

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