脓肿充分引流后相应临床症状应得以迅速缓解。[17]Onaca N, Hirshberg A, Adar R. Early reoperation for perirectal abscess: a preventable complication. Dis Colon Rectum. 2001;44:1469-1473.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11598476?tool=bestpractice.com若非伴发肛瘘,肛门直肠脓肿患者的复发率<2%。[14]Hamalainen KP, Sainio AP. Incidence of fistulas after drainage of acute anorectal abscesses. Dis Colon Rectum. 1998;41:1357-1361.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9823799?tool=bestpractice.com[15]Vasilevsky CA, Gordon PH. The incidence of recurrent abscesses or fistula-in-ano following anorectal suppuration. Dis Colon Rectum. 1984;27:126-130.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6697831?tool=bestpractice.com
复发
37%肛门直肠脓肿患者合并肛瘘。上述肛瘘的常见临床表现即复发性肛门直肠脓肿。[14]Hamalainen KP, Sainio AP. Incidence of fistulas after drainage of acute anorectal abscesses. Dis Colon Rectum. 1998;41:1357-1361.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9823799?tool=bestpractice.com[15]Vasilevsky CA, Gordon PH. The incidence of recurrent abscesses or fistula-in-ano following anorectal suppuration. Dis Colon Rectum. 1984;27:126-130.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6697831?tool=bestpractice.com腔道内食物残渣嵌顿或瘘管外口被覆皮肤愈合均可导致瘘管堵塞,从而导致脓肿复发。