沙眼衣原体感染率：有中等质量的证据表明使用阴道内甲硝唑凝胶治疗无症状性细菌性阴道病可降低沙眼衣原体感染率。[10]Schwebke J, Desmond R. A randomized trial of metronidazole in asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis to prevent the acquisition of sexually transmitted diseases. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007;196:517.e1-6.http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=17547876http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17547876?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者＞200名的随机对照临床试验（RCT）。
沙眼衣原体感染率：有中等质量的证据表明使用阴道内甲硝唑凝胶治疗无症状性细菌性阴道病可降低沙眼衣原体感染率。[10]Schwebke J, Desmond R. A randomized trial of metronidazole in asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis to prevent the acquisition of sexually transmitted diseases. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007;196:517.e1-6.http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=17547876http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17547876?tool=bestpractice.com
早产：有中等质量的证据支持细菌性阴道病是早产的危险因素。其他结局为自发性流产、母亲或新生儿感染，以及围产期死亡。[15]Leitich H, Bodner-Adler B, Brunbauer M, et al. Bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor for preterm delivery: a meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;189;139-147.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12861153?tool=bestpractice.com[16]Hauth JC, Goldenberg RL, Andrews WW, et al. Reduced incidence of preterm delivery with metronidazole and erythromycin in women with bacterial vaginosis. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:1732-1736.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7491136?tool=bestpractice.com
系统评价或者受试者＞200名的随机对照临床试验（RCT）。
早产：有中等质量的证据支持细菌性阴道病是早产的危险因素。其他结局为自发性流产、母亲或新生儿感染，以及围产期死亡。[15]Leitich H, Bodner-Adler B, Brunbauer M, et al. Bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor for preterm delivery: a meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;189;139-147.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12861153?tool=bestpractice.com[16]Hauth JC, Goldenberg RL, Andrews WW, et al. Reduced incidence of preterm delivery with metronidazole and erythromycin in women with bacterial vaginosis. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:1732-1736.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7491136?tool=bestpractice.com
