在 91% 的病例中,腹泻发生在做出流行性 HUS 诊断之前,血性腹泻见于 57% 的病例。[27]Remuzzi G, Ruggenenti P. The hemolytic uremic syndrome. Kidney Int. 1995;48:2-19.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7564079?tool=bestpractice.com[28]Gerber A, Karch H, Allerberger F, et al. Clinical course and the role of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infection in the hemolytic-uremic syndrome in pediatric patients, 1997-2000, in Germany and Austria: a prospective study. J Infect Dis. 2002;186:493-500.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12195376?tool=bestpractice.com被产毒素大肠杆菌感染的儿童中有 6%-9% 于腹泻发作后大约 5-10 d被诊断出 HUS。[5]Bell BP, Goldoft M, Griffin PM, et al. A multistate outbreak of Escherichia coli 0157:H7-associated bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome from hamburgers. The Washington experience. JAMA. 1994;272:1349-1353.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7933395?tool=bestpractice.com[8]Boyce TG, Swerdlow DL, Griffin PM. Escherichia coli O157:H7 and the hemolytic uremic syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:364-368.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7609755?tool=bestpractice.com