Poupon RE, Lindor KD, Cauch-Dudek K, et al. Combined analysis of randomized controlled trials of ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology. 1997;113:884-890.
Tandon P, Rowe BH, Vandermeer B, et al. The efficacy and safety of bile acid binding agents, opioid antagonists, or rifampin in the treatment of cholestasis-associated pruritus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102:1528-1536.
1. Jones DE. Pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis. Gut. 2007;56:1615-1624.
2. Kim WR, Lindor KD, Locke GR 3rd, et al. Epidemiology and natural history of primary biliary cirrhosis in a US community. Gastroenterology. 2000;119:1631-1636.
3. James OF, Bhopal R, Howel D, et al. Primary biliary cirrhosis once rare, now common in the United Kingdom? Hepatology. 1999;30:390-394.
4. Gershwin ME, Selmi C, Worman HJ, et al. Risk factors and comorbidities in primary biliary cirrhosis: a controlled interview-based study of 1032 patients. Hepatology. 2005;42:1194-1202.
5. Lucey MR, Neuberger JM, Williams R. Primary biliary cirrhosis in men. Gut. 1986;27:1373-1376.
6. Yeaman SJ, Kirby JA, Jones DE. Autoreactive responses to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis. Immunol Rev. 2000;174:238-249.
7. Invernizzi P, Selmi C, Ranftler C, et al. Antinuclear antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis. Semin Liver Dis. 2005;25:298-310.
8. Watt FE, James OF, Jones DE. Patterns of autoimmunity in primary biliary cirrhosis patients and their families: a population-based cohort study. QJM. 2004;97:397-406.
9. Jones DE, Donaldson PT. Genetic factors in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis. Clin Liver Dis. 2003;7:841-864.
10. Ben-Ari Z, Czaja AJ. Autoimmune hepatitis and its variant syndromes. Gut. 2001;49:589-594.
11. Jones DE, Watt FE, Metcalf JV, et al. Familial primary biliary cirrhosis reassessed: a geographically-based population study. J Hepatol. 1999;30:402-407.
12. Liang Y, Yang Z, Zhong R. Smoking, family history and urinary tract infection are associated with primary biliary cirrhosis: a meta-analysis. Hepatol Res. 2011;41:572-578.
13. Howel D, Fischbacher CM, Bhopal RS, et al. An exploratory population-based case-control study of primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2000;31:1055-1060.
15. Metcalf JV, Bhopal RS, Gray J, et al. Incidence and prevalence of primary biliary cirrhosis in the city of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England. Int J Epidemiol. 1997;26:830-836.
16. Zein CO, Angulo P, Lindor KD. When is liver biopsy needed in the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis? Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2003;1:89-95.
17. Garrido MC, Hubscher SG. Accuracy of staging in primary biliary cirrhosis. J Clin Pathol. 1996;49:556-559.
18. Lammers WJ, Hirschfield GM, Corpechot C, et al. Development and validation of a scoring system to predict outcomes of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis receiving ursodeoxycholic acid therapy. Gastroenterology. 2015;149:1804-1812.
19. Carbone M, Sharp SJ, Flack S, et al. The UK-PBC risk scores: derivation and validation of a scoring system for long-term prediction of end-stage liver disease in primary biliary cholangitis. Hepatology. 2016;63:930-950.
20. Wesierska-Gadek J, Penner E, Battezzati PM, et al. Correlation of initial autoantibody profile and clinical outcome in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2006;43:1135-1144.
21. Czaja AJ. Autoantibodies as prognostic markers in autoimmune liver disease. Dig Dis Sci. 2010;55:2144-2161.
22. Granito A, Muratori P, Muratori L, et al. Antibodies to SS-A/Ro-52kD and centromere in autoimmune liver disease: a clue to diagnosis and prognosis of primary biliary cirrhosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;26:831-838.
23. Newton JL, Bhala N, Burt J, et al. Characterisation of the associations and impact of symptoms in primary biliary cirrhosis using a disease specific quality of life measure. J Hepatol. 2006;44:776-783.
24. Sorokin A, Brown JL, Thompson PD. Primary biliary cirrhosis, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerotic risk: a systematic review. Atherosclerosis. 2007;194:293-299.
25. Sokol RJ, Kim YS, Hoofnagle JH, et al. Intestinal malabsorption of vitamin E in primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology. 1989;96:479-486.
26. Goldblatt J, Taylor PJ, Lipman T, et al. The true impact of fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis: a population study. Gastroenterology. 2002;122:1235-1241.
27. Newton JL, Gibson GJ, Tomlinson M, et al. Fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with excessive daytime somnolence. Hepatology. 2006;44:91-98.
28. Newton JL, Hudson M, Tachtatzis P, et al. Population prevalence and symptom associations of autonomic dysfunction in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2007;45:1496-1505.
29. Newton JL, Hollingsworth KG, Taylor R, et al. Cognitive impairment in primary biliary cirrhosis: symptom impact and potential aetiology. Hepatology. 2008;48:541-549.
30. James O, Macklon AF, Watson AJ. Primary biliary cirrhosis: a revised clinical spectrum. Lancet. 1981;1:1278-1281.
31. Crowe J, Christensen E, Doniach D, et al. Early features of primary biliary cirrhosis: an analysis of 85 patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 1985;80:466-468.
32. Martin DM, Vroon DH, Nasrallah SM. Value of serum immunoglobulins in the diagnosis of liver disease. Liver. 1984;4:214-218.
33. Corpechot C, El Naggar A, Poujol-Robert A, et al. Assessment of biliary fibrosis by transient elastography in patients with PBC and PSC. Hepatology. 2006;43:1118-1124.
34. Pauli-Magnus C, Meier PJ. Hepatobiliary transporters and drug-induced cholestasis. Hepatology. 2006;44:778-787.
35. Arrese M. Cholestasis during pregnancy: rare hepatic diseases unmasked by pregnancy. Ann Hepatol. 2006;5:216-218.
36. Jones DE, Sutcliffe K, Pairman J, et al. An integrated care pathway improves quality of life in primary biliary cirrhosis. QJM. 2008;101:535-543.
37. Carbone M, Mells G, Pells G, et al. Sex and age are determinants of the clinical phenotype of primary biliary cirrhosis and response to ursodeoxycholic acid. Gastroenterology 2013;144:560-569.
38. Pares A, Caballeria L, Rodes J, et al. Long-term effects of ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis: results of a double-blind controlled multicentric trial. J Hepatol. 2000;32:561-566.
39. Poupon RE, Poupon R, Balkau B. Ursodiol for the long-term treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis. N Engl J Med. 1994;330:1342-1347.
40. Heathcote EJ, Cauch-Dudek K, Walker V, et al. The Canadian Multicenter Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial of ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology. 1994;19:1149-1156.
41. Lindor KD, Dickson ER, Baldus WP, et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology. 1994;106:1284-1290.
42. Combes B, Carithers RL Jr, Maddrey WC, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology. 1995;22:759-766.
43. Poupon RE, Lindor KD, Cauch-Dudek K, et al. Combined analysis of randomized controlled trials of ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology. 1997;113:884-890.
44. Goulis J, Leandro G, Burroughs AK. Randomised controlled trials of ursodeoxycholic-acid therapy for primary biliary cirrhosis: a meta-analysis. Lancet. 1999;355:1053-1060.
45. Poupon RE, Lindor KD, Pares A, et al. Combined analysis of the effect of treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid on histologic progression in primary biliary cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2003;39:12-16.
46. Gong Y, Huang Z, Christensen E, et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid for patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials using Bayesian approach as sensitivity analyses. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102:1799-1807.
47. Rudic JS, Poropat G, Krstic MN, et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid for primary biliary cirrhosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(12):CD000551.
48. Shi J, Wu C, Lin Y, et al. Long-term effects of mid-dose ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101:1529-1538.
49. Rudic JS, Poropat G, Krstic MN, et al. Bezafibrate for primary biliary cirrhosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(1):CD009145.
50. Gores GJ, Wiesner RH, Dickson ER, et al. Prospective evaluation of esophageal varices in primary biliary cirrhosis: development, natural history, and influence on survival. Gastroenterology. 1989;96:1552-1559.
51. Jones DE, Metcalf JV, Collier JD, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma in primary biliary cirrhosis and its impact on outcomes. Hepatology. 1997;26:1138-1142.
52. Bressler B, Pinto R, El-Ashry D, et al. Which patients with primary biliary cirrhosis or primary sclerosing cholangitis should undergo endoscopic screening for oesophageal varices detection? Gut. 2005;54:407-410.
53. Liermann Garcia RF, Evangalista Garcia C, McMaster P, et al. Transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis: retrospective analysis of 400 patients in a single center. Hepatology. 2001;33:22-27.
54. Jones DEJ. Complications of cholestasis. Medicine. 2002;30:67-68.
55. Datta DV, Sherlock S. Cholestyramine for long term relief of the pruritus complicating intrahepatic cholestasis. Gastroenterology. 1966;50:323-332.
56. Tandon P, Rowe BH, Vandermeer B, et al. The efficacy and safety of bile acid binding agents, opioid antagonists, or rifampin in the treatment of cholestasis-associated pruritus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102:1528-1536.
57. Khurana S, Singh P. Rifampin is safe for treatment of pruritus due to chronic cholestasis: a meta-analysis of prospective randomized-controlled trials. Liver Int. 2006;26:943-948.
58. Prince MI, Burt AD, Jones DE. Hepatitis and liver dysfunction with rifampicin therapy for pruritus in primary biliary cirrhosis. Gut. 2002;50:436-439.
59. Jones EA, Neuberger JM, Bergasa NV. Opiate antagonist therapy for the pruritus of cholestasis: the avoidance of opioid withdrawal-like reactions. QJM. 2002;95:547-552.
60. McRae CA, Prince MI, Hudson M, et al. Pain as a complication of use of opiate antagonists for symptom control in cholestasis. Gastroenterology. 2003;125:591-596.
61. Schworer H, Hartmann H, Ramadori G. Relief of cholestatic pruritus by a novel class of drugs: 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists: effectiveness of ondansetron. Pain. 1995;61:33-37.
62. Mayo MJ, Handem I, Saldana S, et al. Sertraline as a first-line treatment for cholestatic pruritus. Hepatology. 2007;45:666-674.
63. Gross CR, Malinchoc M, Kim WR, et al. Quality of life before and after liver transplantation for cholestatic liver disease. Hepatology. 1999;29:356-364.
64. Kremer AE, Martens JJ, Kulik W, et al. Lysophosphatidic acid is a potential mediator of cholestatic pruritus. Gastroenterology. 2010;139:1008-1018.
65. Rudic JS, Poropat G, Krstic MN, et al. Hormone replacement for osteoporosis in women with primary biliary cirrhosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(12):CD009146.
66. Rudic JS, Giljaca V, Krstic MN, et al. Bisphosphonates for osteoporosis in primary biliary cirrhosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(12):CD009144.
67. Siegel JL, Jorgensen R, Angulo P, et al. Treatment of ursodeoxycholic acid is associated with weight gain in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2003;37:183-185.
68. Nevens F, Andreone P, Mazzella G, et al. A placebo-controlled trial of obeticholic acid in primary biliary cholangitis. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:631-643.
69. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA drug safety communication: FDA warns about serious liver injury with Ocaliva (obeticholic acid) for rare chronic liver disease. September 2017. https://www.fda.gov/ (last accessed 22 September 2017).
70. Gong Y, Christensen E, Gluud C. Azathioprine for primary biliary cirrhosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(3):CD006000.
71. Prince M, Chetwynd A, Newman W, et al. Survival and symptom progression in a geographically based cohort of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: follow-up for up to 28 years. Gastroenterology. 2002;123:1044-1051.
72. Jacoby A, Rannard A, Buck D, et al. Development, validation, and evaluation of the PBC-40, a disease specific health related quality of life measure for primary biliary cirrhosis. Gut. 2005;54:1622-1629.
73. Poupon RE, Chretien Y, Chazouilleres O, et al. Quality of life in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2004;40:489-494.
使用此内容应接受我们的免责声明。
BMJ临床实践的持续改进离不开您的帮助和反馈。如果您发现任何功能问题和内容错误,或您对BMJ临床实践有任何疑问或建议,请您扫描右侧二维码并根据页面指导填写您的反馈和联系信息*。一旦您的建议在我们核实后被采纳,您将会收到一份小礼品。
如果您有紧急问题需要我们帮助,请您联系我们。
邮箱:bmjchina.support@bmj.com
电话:+86 10 64100686-612
*您的联系信息仅会用于我们与您确认反馈信息和礼品事宜。
BMJ临床实践官方反馈平台