地理位置不同,睾丸癌的发病率不同。在北欧,发病率从丹麦的7.8/100 000至立陶宛的0.9/100 000。[4]Adami HO, Bergstrom R, Mohner M, et al. Testicular cancer in nine northern European countries. Int J Cancer. 1994;59:33-38.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7927900?tool=bestpractice.com在英国每年有大约1400例的新发病例,尤其在25-35岁这一年龄段高发。[5]Dearnaley DP, Huddart RA, Horwich A. Managing testicular cancer. BMJ. 2001;322:1583-1588.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1120626/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11431302?tool=bestpractice.com在美国,据估计 2006 年这种疾病新发 8250 例,造成 370 人死亡。睾丸癌是罕见的,仅占男性所有癌症发病率的 1%,占所有癌症所致死亡的比例不足 1%。[6]American Cancer Society. Cancer facts and figures 2005. Atlanta, GA: American Cancer Society; 2005.http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@nho/documents/document/caff2005f4pwsecuredpdf.pdf但是在20-34岁的男性中,睾丸肿瘤是最常见的实质性肿瘤。在过去的几十年间,北美、欧洲和大洋洲绝大多数的工业化国家中,睾丸癌的发病率明显上升。[7]Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, et al. Cancer statistics, 2007. CA Cancer J Clin. 2007;57:43-66.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3322/canjclin.57.1.43/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17237035?tool=bestpractice.com[8]Huyghe E, Matsuda T, Thonneau P. Increasing incidence of testicular cancer worldwide: a review. J Urol 2003;170:5-11.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12796635?tool=bestpractice.com目前而言,白人男性的发病率高于非洲和亚洲男性。在美国,黑人的发病率是白人发病率的1/3。[9]McGlynn KA, Devesa SS, Graubard BI, et al. Increasing incidence of testicular germ cell tumors among black men in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:5757-5761.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16110032?tool=bestpractice.com