据报道,在因实体恶性肿瘤接受常规化疗的成人患者中,约20%-40%发生口腔黏膜炎,[2]Jones JA, Avritscher EB, Cooksley CD, et al. Epidemiology of treatment-associated mucosal injury after treatment with newer regimens for lymphoma, breast, lung, or colorectal cancer. Support Care Cancer. 2006;14:505-515.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16601950?tool=bestpractice.com在造血干细胞移植前接受高剂量化疗的患者中,约80%发病,[3]Vera-Llonch M, Oster G, Ford CM, et al. Oral mucositis and outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in patients with hematologic malignancies. Support Care Cancer. 2007;15:491-496.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17139495?tool=bestpractice.com而几乎所有因头颈部恶性肿瘤接受放疗的患者均发生口腔黏膜炎。[4]Vera-Llonch M, Oster G, Hagiwara M, et al. Oral mucositis in patients undergoing radiation treatment for head and neck carcinoma. Cancer. 2006;106:329-336.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cncr.21622/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16342066?tool=bestpractice.com