血清抗体阴性者接种甲型及乙型病毒性肝炎疫苗可有助于降低发病率和死亡率。
所有患者一旦诊断，应每隔2-3年，完善骨密度检查以排除肝性骨营养不良。[37]Zein CO, Jorgensen RA, Clarke B, et al. Alendronate improves bone mineral density in primary biliary cirrhosis: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Hepatology. 2005;42:762-771.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hep.20866/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16175618?tool=bestpractice.com[38]Collier J. Bone disorders in chronic liver disease. Hepatology. 2007;46:1271-1278.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hep.21852/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17886334?tool=bestpractice.com[25]Chapman R, Fevery J, Kalloo A, et al. Diagnosis and management of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Hepatology. 2010;51:660-678.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hep.23294/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20101749?tool=bestpractice.com
合并炎症性肠病（IBD）患者由于发生结直肠癌的风险很大，应定期进行结肠镜检查。[39]Vleggaar FP, Lutgens MW, Claessen MM, et al. Review article: the relevance of surveillance endoscopy in long-lasting inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;26(suppl 2):47-52.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18081648?tool=bestpractice.com[25]Chapman R, Fevery J, Kalloo A, et al. Diagnosis and management of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Hepatology. 2010;51:660-678.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hep.23294/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20101749?tool=bestpractice.com
