Kellogg N. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect. The evaluation of sexual abuse in children. Pediatrics. 2005;116:506-512.
Workowski KA, Bolan GA; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2015;64:1-137.
Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls. Arch Dis Child. 1969;44:291-303.
Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in the pattern of pubertal changes in boys. Arch Dis Child. 1970;45:13-23.
American Academy of Pediatrics. Red Book: 2012 report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 29th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2012: 181-185, 369-390, 690-703, 841-847.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 112: Emergency contraception. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;115:1100-1109.
1. Kellogg N. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect. The evaluation of sexual abuse in children. Pediatrics. 2005;116:506-512.
2. United Nations General Assembly, 61st session. Report of the independent expert for the United Nations study on violence against children. 2006: A/61/299.
3. Hussey JM, Chang JJ, Kotch JB. Child maltreatment in the United States: prevalence, risk factors, and adolescent health consequences. Pediatrics. 2006;118:933-942.
4. Finkelhor D, Turner HA, Shattuck A, et al. Prevalence of childhood exposure to violence, crime, and abuse: results from the National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence. JAMA Pediatr. 2015;169:746-754.
5. Cawson P, Wattam C, Brooker S, et al. Child maltreatment in the United Kingdom: a study of the prevalence of child abuse and neglect. London, UK: NSPCC; 2000.
6. Finkelhor D, Dziuba-Leatherman J. Children as victims of violence: a national survey. Pediatrics. 1994;94:413-420.
7. Feldman W, Feldman E, Goodman JT, et al. Is childhood sexual abuse really increasing in prevalence? An analysis of the evidence. Pediatrics. 1991;88:29-33.
8. Finkelhor D. Improving research, policy, and practice to understand child sexual abuse. JAMA. 1998;280:1864-1865.
9. Hay T, Jones L. Societal interventions to prevent child abuse and neglect. Child Welfare. 1994;73:379-403.
10. Leventhal JM. Have there been changes in the epidemiology of sexual abuse of children during the 20th century? Pediatrics. 1988;82:766-773.
11. Chen LP, Murad MH, Paras ML, et al. Sexual abuse and lifetime diagnosis of psychiatric disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010;85:618-629.
12. Connor J, You R, Casswell S. Alcohol-related harm to others: a survey of physical and sexual assault in New Zealand. N Z Med J. 2009;122:10-20.
13. Littleton H, Grills-Taquechel A, Axsom D. Impaired and incapacitated rape victims: assault characteristics and post-assault experiences. Violence Vict. 2009;24:439-457.
14. Marc B. Current clinical aspects of drug-facilitated sexual assaults in sexually abused victims examined in a forensic emergency unit. Ther Drug Monit. 2008;30:218-224.
15. Jina R, Jewkes R, Munjanja SP, et al; FIGO Working Group. Report of the FIGO Working Group on Sexual Violence/HIV: guidelines for the management of female survivors of sexual assault. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2010;109:85-92.
16. World Health Organization. Clinical management of rape survivors: developing protocols for use with refugees and internally displaced persons. 2004. http://www.who.int (last accessed 18 September 2016).
17. Davis MK, Gidycz CA. Child sexual abuse prevention programs: a meta-analysis. J Clin Child Psychol. 2000;29:257-265.
18. Bolan RM. Child sexual abuse: prevention or promotion. Social Work. 2003;48:174-185.
19. Mikton C, Butchart A. Child maltreatment prevention: a systematic review of reviews. Bull World Health Organ. 2009;87:353-361.
20. Walsh K, Zwi K, Woolfenden S, et al. School-based education programmes for the prevention of child sexual abuse. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(4):CD004380.
21. Finkelhor D. The prevention of childhood sexual abuse. Future Child. 2009;19:169-194.
22. Wacker J, Macy R, Barger E, et al. Sexual assault prevention for women with intellectual disabilities: a critical review of the evidence. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2009;47:249-262. [Erratum in: Intellect Dev Disabil. 2009;47:ii]
23. Bair-Merritt MH, Jennings JM, Chen R, et al. Reducing maternal intimate partner violence after the birth of a child: a randomized controlled trial of the Hawaii Healthy Start Home Visitation Program. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010;164:16-23.
24. Workowski KA, Bolan GA; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2015;64:1-137.
25. Kellogg ND, Menard SW, Santos A. Genital anatomy in pregnant adolescents: "normal" doesn't mean "nothing happened". Pediatrics. 2004;223:e67-e69.
26. Adams JA, Harper K, Knudson S, et al. Examination findings in legally confirmed child sexual abuse: it's normal to be normal. Pediatrics. 1994;94:310-317.
27. Heger AH, Ticson L, Guerra L, et al. Appearance of the genitalia in girls selected for nonabuse: review of hymenal morphology and nonspecific findings. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2002;15:27-35.
28. White C, McLean I. Adolescent complainants of sexual assault; injury patterns in virgin and non-virgin groups. J Clin Forensic Med. 2006;13:172-180.
29. Sugar NF, Fine DN, Eckert LO. Physical injury after sexual assault: findings of a large case series. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;190:71-76.
30. Muram D, Miller K, Cutler A. Sexual assault of the elderly victim. J Interpers Violence. 1992;7:70-76.
31. Rogstad K, Thomas A, Williams O, et al. United Kingdom national guideline on the management of sexually transmitted infections and related conditions in children and young people. 2010. http://www.bashh.org/ (last accessed 18 September 2016).
32. New York State Department of Health. Protocol for the acute care of the adult patient reporting sexual assault. October 2008. http://www.health.state.ny.us (last accessed 18 September 2016).
33. Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. Recommendations for the collection of forensic specimens from complainants and suspects. January 2016. http://fflm.ac.uk (last accessed 18 September 2016).
34. Adams JA, Kellogg ND, Farst KJ, et al. Updated guidelines for the medical assessment and care of children who may have been sexually abused. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2016;29:81-87.
35. Adams JA. Guidelines for medical care of children evaluated for suspected sexual abuse: an update for 2008. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2008;20:435-441.
36. Berkoff MC, Zolotor AJ, Makoroff KL, et al. Has this prepubertal girl been sexually abused? JAMA. 2008;300:2779-2792.
37. Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls. Arch Dis Child. 1969;44:291-303.
38. Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in the pattern of pubertal changes in boys. Arch Dis Child. 1970;45:13-23.
39. World Health Organization. WHO case definitions of HIV for surveillance and revised clinical staging and immunological classification of HIV-related disease in adults and children. Geneva: WHO; 2007.
40. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1993 Revised classification system for HIV infection and expanded surveillance case definition for AIDS among adolescents and adults. MMWR Recomm Rep. 1992;41:1-19.
41. Fischer GO. Vulval disease in pre-pubertal girls. Austral J Dermatol. 2001;42:225-234.
42. Brown MR, Cartwright PC, Snow BW. Common office problems in pediatric urology and gynecology. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1997;44:1091-1115.
43. Stricker T, Navratil F, Sennhauser FH. Vaginal foreign bodies. J Paediatr Child Health. 2004;40:205-207.
44. Zolotor AJ, Runyan DK, Dunne MP, et al. ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool Children's Version (ICAST-C): Instrument development and multi-national pilot testing. Child Abuse Negl. 2009;33:833-841.
45. Runyan DK, Dunne MP, Zolotor AJ, et al. The development and piloting of the ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool-Parent version (ICAST-P). Child Abuse Negl. 2009;33:826-832.
46. Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP); British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH). Sexually transmitted infections in primary care. 2013. http://www.bashh.org (last accessed 18 September 2016).
47. Smith DK, Grohskopf LA, Black RJ, et al; Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis after sexual, injection-drug use, or other nonoccupational exposure to HIV in the United States. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2005:54;1-20.
48. American Academy of Pediatrics. Red Book: 2012 report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 29th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2012: 181-185, 369-390, 690-703, 841-847.
49. Markowitz LE, Dunne EF, Saraiya M, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccination: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep. 2014;63:1-30.
50. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 112: Emergency contraception. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;115:1100-1109.
51. World Health Organization. Responding to intimate partner violence and sexual violence against women: WHO clinical and policy guidelines. 2013. http://www.who.int/ (last accessed 18 September 2016).
52. Stock JL, Bell MA, Boyer DK, et al. Adolescent pregnancy and sexual risk-taking among sexually abused girls. Fam Plann Perspect. 1997;29:200-203.
53. Welch J, Mason F. Rape and sexual assault, BMJ. 2007;334:1154-1158.
54. Kendall-Tackett KA, Williams LM, Finkelhor D. Impact of sexual abuse on children: a review and synthesis of recent empirical studies. Psychol Bull. 1993:113:164-180.
55. Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Clinical guidance: emergency contraception. January 2012. http://www.fsrh.org (last accessed 18 September 2016).
56. Taylor JE, Harvey ST. Effects of psychotherapy with people who have been sexually assaulted: a meta-analysis. Aggress Violent Behav. 2009;14:273-285.
57. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): the management of PTSD in adults and children in primary and secondary care. March 2005. http://www.nice.org.uk/CG26 (last accessed 18 September 2016).
使用此内容应接受我们的免责声明。
BMJ临床实践的持续改进离不开您的帮助和反馈。如果您发现任何功能问题和内容错误,或您对BMJ临床实践有任何疑问或建议,请您扫描右侧二维码并根据页面指导填写您的反馈和联系信息*。一旦您的建议在我们核实后被采纳,您将会收到一份小礼品。
如果您有紧急问题需要我们帮助,请您联系我们。
邮箱:bmjchina.support@bmj.com
电话:+86 10 64100686-612
*您的联系信息仅会用于我们与您确认反馈信息和礼品事宜。
BMJ临床实践官方反馈平台