采取呼吸道卫生防护措施,例如建议咳嗽的患者使用手部清洁用品以及面巾纸,以减少传播的风险。[17]Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Mar 1;44 Suppl 2:S27-72.http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/44/Supplement_2/S27.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17278083?tool=bestpractice.com
如果诊断为嗜肺军团菌感染,一般需要流行病学研究(由当地感染控制团队或官方流行病学研究部门进行),以防止进一步暴露和感染,[27]Cunha BA, Burillo A, Bouza E. Legionnaires' disease. Lancet. 2016;387:376-385.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26231463?tool=bestpractice.com[75]Mentasti M, Afshar B, Collins S, et al. Rapid investigation of cases and clusters of legionnaires' disease in England and Wales using direct molecular typing. J Med Microbiol. 2016;65:484-493.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27046155?tool=bestpractice.com[76]Bartley PB, Ben Zakour NL, Stanton-Cook M, et al. Hospital-wide eradication of a nosocomial Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 outbreak. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;62:273-279.http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/62/3/273.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26462745?tool=bestpractice.com并改善水的军团菌消毒措施。[77]Demirjian A, Lucas CE, Garrison LE, et al. The importance of clinical surveillance in detecting legionnaires' disease outbreaks: a large outbreak in a hospital with a Legionella disinfection system-Pennsylvania, 2011-2012. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;60:1596-1602.http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/60/11/1596.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25722201?tool=bestpractice.com