在欧洲,成人患 ITP 的发病率为每年 100,000 万分之 1.6 至 3.9,[4]Terrell DR, Beebe LA, Vesely SK, et al. The incidence of immune thrombocytopenic purpura in children and adults: a critical review of published reports. Am J Hematol. 2010;85:174-180.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20131303?tool=bestpractice.com此发病率在老年人中则有所增加,而在较年轻患者中女性对男性的比例较高 (3:1)。据一项在法国的全国人口研究报告,每年的 ITP 发病率为 100,000 分之 2.9 例(即有必要进行 ITP 医学治疗的病例)。[5]Moulis G, Palmaro A, Montastruc JL, et al. Epidemiology of incident immune thrombocytopenia: a nationwide population-based study in France. Blood. 2014;124:3308-3315.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25305203?tool=bestpractice.com在 18% 的病例中,ITP 是继发于其他疾病而发生的。[5]Moulis G, Palmaro A, Montastruc JL, et al. Epidemiology of incident immune thrombocytopenia: a nationwide population-based study in France. Blood. 2014;124:3308-3315.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25305203?tool=bestpractice.com儿童期 ITP 的发病率为每年 100,000 分之 1.9 到 6.4,并平均分配于不同性别中,且此病在儿童中有自发缓解的倾向。[4]Terrell DR, Beebe LA, Vesely SK, et al. The incidence of immune thrombocytopenic purpura in children and adults: a critical review of published reports. Am J Hematol. 2010;85:174-180.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20131303?tool=bestpractice.com根据美国保险管理数据估计,ITP 的患病率为 100,000 分之 9.6 到 20.0。[6]Segal JB, Powe NR. Prevalence of immune thrombocytopenia: analyses of administrative data. J Thromb Haemost. 2006;4:2377-2383.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16869934?tool=bestpractice.com[7]Feudjo-Tepie MA, Robinson NJ, Bennett D. Prevalence of diagnosed chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura in the US: analysis of a large US claim database: a rebuttal. J Thromb Haemost. 2008;6:711-712.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18221355?tool=bestpractice.com其他国家/地区提供的相关数据有限。