治疗自伤行为最好的方法是让患者处于活动环境中并积极忽视自伤行为。 负强化可能会增加自伤。[47]Anderson L, Dancis J, Alpert M, et al. Punishment learning and self-mutilation in Lesch-Nyhan disease. Nature. 1977 Feb 3;265(5593):461-3.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/834300?tool=bestpractice.com[48]Bull M, LaVecchio F. Behavior therapy for a child with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1978 Jun;20(3):368-75.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/669067?tool=bestpractice.com
大部分患者需要给手臂上夹板、用带子绑肢体或戴防护手套等某种形式的身体约束。[3]Jinnah HA, Friedmann T. Lesch-Nyhan disease and its variants. In: Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, et al., eds. The metabolic and molecular bases of inherited disease. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2001:2537-2570.[49]Ball TS, Datta PC, Rios M, et al. Flexible arm splints in the control of a Lesch-Nyhan victim's finger biting and a profoundly retarded client's finger sucking. J Autism Dev Disord. 1985 Jun;15(2):177-84.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3997744?tool=bestpractice.com[50]Nyhan WL. Behavior in the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. J Autism Child Schizophr. 1976 Sep;6(3):235-52.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1086851?tool=bestpractice.com 保守措施失败时,需要拔牙应对撕咬。[51]Cusumano FJ, Penna KJ, Panossian G. Prevention of self-mutilation in patients with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome: review of literature. ASDC J Dent Child. 2001 May-Jun;68(3):175-8.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11693008?tool=bestpractice.com 可接触到的硬物(包括轮椅)需要软垫。[52]Letts RM, Hobson DA. Special devices as aids in the management of child self-mutilation in the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Pediatrics. 1975 Jun;55(6):852-5.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1134885?tool=bestpractice.com