肝功能异常的评估

European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of cholestatic liver diseases. J Hepatol. 2009;51:237-267.

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Brook G, Soriano V, Bergin C; International Union against Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2010 European Guideline for the management of hepatitis B and C virus infections. Int J STD AIDS. 2010;21:669-678.

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O'Shea RS, Dasarathy S, McCullough AJ; Practice Guideline Committee of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases; Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology. Alcoholic liver disease. Hepatology. 2010;51:307-328.

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Roberts EA, Schilsky ML. American Association for Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). Diagnosis and treatment of Wilson disease: an update. Hepatology. 2008;47:2089-2111.

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European Association for Study of Liver. EASL clinical practice guidelines: Wilson's disease. J Hepatol. 2012;56:671-685.

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Manns M, Czaja AJ, Gorham JD, et al. AASLD practice guidelines: diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology. 2010;51:2193-2213.

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Bruix J, Sherman M; Practice Guidelines Committee, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an update. 2010. http://www.aasld.org (last accessed 4 July 2017).

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Ghany MG, Strader DB, Thomas DL, et al. Diagnosis, management, and treatment of hepatitis C: an update. Hepatology. 2009;49:1335-1374.

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European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL recommendations on treatment of Hepatitis C. September 2016. http://www.easl.eu (last accessed 4 July 2017).

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Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE, et al. The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association. Am J Gastroenterol. 2012;107:811-826.

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1.  European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of cholestatic liver diseases. J Hepatol. 2009;51:237-267.

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2.  Murali AR, Carey WD. Liver test interpretation - approach to the patient with liver disease: a guide to commonly used liver tests. April 2014. http:/www.clevelandclinicmeded.com (last accessed 4 July 2017).

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3.  Carey WD. How should a patient with an isolated GGT elevation be evaluated? Cleve Clin J Med. 2000;67:315-316.

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4.  Poynard T, Imbert-Bismut F. Laboratory testing for liver disease. In: Boyer TD, Wright TL, Manns MP, et al, eds. Zakim and Boyer's hepatology: a textbook of liver disease, 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2006:235-250.

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6.  Giannini EG, Testa R, Savarino V. Liver enzyme alteration: a guide for clinicians. CMAJ. 2005;172:367-379.

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7.  Lok AS, McMahon BJ. Chronic hepatitis B: update 2009. Hepatology. 2009;50:661-662.

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8.  Brook G, Soriano V, Bergin C; International Union against Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2010 European Guideline for the management of hepatitis B and C virus infections. Int J STD AIDS. 2010;21:669-678.

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9.  Bennink RJ, Tulchinsky M, de Graaf W, et al. Liver function testing with nuclear medicine techniques is coming of age. Semin Nucl Med. 2012;42:124-137.

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11.  Poles MA, Lew EA, Dieterich DT. Diagnosis and treatment of hepatic disease in patients with HIV. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 1997;26:291-321.

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12.  O'Shea RS, Dasarathy S, McCullough AJ; Practice Guideline Committee of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases; Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology. Alcoholic liver disease. Hepatology. 2010;51:307-328.

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13.  Chalasani NP, Hayashi PH, Bonkovsky HL, et al; Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology. ACG Clinical Guideline: the diagnosis and management of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014;109:950-966.

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14.  Wieckowska A, Feldstein AE. Diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: invasive versus noninvasive. Semin Liver Dis. 2008;28:386-395.

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15.  Zein CO. Primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and other cholestatic liver diseases. August 2010. http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/ (last accessed 4 July 2017).

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19.  Bradley KA, DeBenedetti AF, Volk RJ, et al. AUDIT-C as a brief screen for alcohol misuse in primary care. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2007;31:1208-1217.

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20.  Ferenci P, Lockwood A, Mullen K, et al. Hepatic encephalopathy: definition, nomenclature, diagnosis, and quantification: final report of the working party at the 11th World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Vienna, 1998. Hepatology. 2002;35:716-721.

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21.  Forrest EH, Evans CD, Stewart S, et al. Analysis of factors predictive of mortality in alcoholic hepatitis and derivation and validation of the Glasgow alcoholic hepatitis score. Gut. 2005;54:1174-1179.

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22.  Bacon BR, Adams PC, Kowdley KV, et al. Diagnosis and management of hemochromatosis: 2011 practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology. 2011;54:328-343.

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23.  Degos F, Perez P, Roche B, et al; for the FIBROSTIC study group. Diagnostic accuracy of FibroScan and comparison to liver fibrosis biomarkers in chronic viral hepatitis: a multicenter prospective study (the FIBROSTIC study). J Hepatol. 2010;53:1013-1021.

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24.  Dowman JK, Tomlinson JW, Newsome PN. Systematic review: the diagnosis and staging of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011;33:525-540.

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25.  Martínez SM, Crespo G, Navasa M, et al. Noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis. Hepatology. 2011;53:325-335.

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26.  Roberts EA, Schilsky ML. American Association for Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). Diagnosis and treatment of Wilson disease: an update. Hepatology. 2008;47:2089-2111.

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• 摘要

27.  European Association for Study of Liver. EASL clinical practice guidelines: Wilson's disease. J Hepatol. 2012;56:671-685.

• 全文
• 摘要

28.  Manns M, Czaja AJ, Gorham JD, et al. AASLD practice guidelines: diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology. 2010;51:2193-2213.

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• 摘要

29.  Bruix J, Sherman M; Practice Guidelines Committee, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an update. 2010. http://www.aasld.org (last accessed 4 July 2017).

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30.  Burchell B, Hume R. Molecular genetic basis of Gilbert's syndrome. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999;14:960-966.

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31.  Ghany MG, Strader DB, Thomas DL, et al. Diagnosis, management, and treatment of hepatitis C: an update. Hepatology. 2009;49:1335-1374.

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32.  European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL recommendations on treatment of Hepatitis C. September 2016. http://www.easl.eu (last accessed 4 July 2017).

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33.  Reuben A. Alcohol and the liver. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2008;24:328-338.

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34.  Bohte AE, van Werven JR, Bipat S, et al. The diagnostic accuracy of US, CT, MRI and 1H-MRS for the evaluation of hepatic steatosis compared with liver biopsy: a meta-analysis. Eur Radiol. 2011;21:87-97.

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35.  Pagadala M, Zein CO, McCullough AJ. Predictors of steatohepatitis and advanced fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Liver Dis. 2009;13:591-606.

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36.  Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE, et al. The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association. Am J Gastroenterol. 2012;107:811-826.

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37.  Tateishi R, Yoshida H, Matsuyama Y, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of tumor markers for hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review. Hepatol Int. 2008;2:17-30.

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